Corresponding author: Harry Brailovsky (
Academic editor: Dávid Rédei
The genus
The genus currently includes 11 species considered as valid:
The following collection acronyms are used for the institutions cited in this paper:
AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA;
CDFA California State Collection of Arthropods, Sacramento, California, USA;
DEIC Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany;
INBIO Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica;
MABR Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
MELN Museo Entomologico, Leon, Nicaragua;
NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria;
NHRS Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden;
TAMU Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA;
UGAG University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA;
UMSP University of Minnesota, Insect Collection, USA;
UNAM Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México;
USNM Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA;
ZMUH Zoologisches Museum, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
All measurements are given in millimeters.
Holotype, female, Peru, Loreto, Headwaters, Río Loreto-Yacu, Indian Vill., 21-IV-1-V-1970, Malkin (AMNH). Paratypes, 1 female, Colombia, Meta, El Buque, silv., 1200 m, 18-II-1947 (NHMW); 1 female, Colombia, without date (UNAM).
(female, holotype).
This species is closely related to
Named for the comparatively large size of this species, after the Latin adjective “
Known from Colombia and Peru.
Holotype: female, Bolivia, Departamento La Paz, Prov. Sud-Yungas, Puente Villa, 4300’, 19-24-V-1989, J. E. Eger (UNAM). Paratypes: 1 female, Paraguay, Cororo, X-1979, M. Viana (UNAM); 3 females, Departamento San Pedro, Cororo, Rio Ypane, 12-XI-1983, G. J. Williner (UNAM).
(female, holotype).
Like
Named for the large size of this species, after the Latin adjective “
Known from Bolivia and Paraguay.
Dorsal view of
Bolivia: Coroico Yungas. Brazil: Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul. Colombia: Nova Granada (
Dorsal view of
Mexico, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Atoyac and Orizaba (
Both species share the following characters: total body length over 23.00 mm; anterolateral borders of pronotum coarsely serrate; pronotal disk yellow with four longitudinal dark lines; the humeral angles prominent, laterally expanded; and antennal segments II and III pale orange to yellowish orange.
In
1 | Anterolateral borders of pronotum very coarsely serrate; total length of body longer than 23.00 mm | 2 |
– | Anterolateral borders of pronotum smooth or finely serrate; total length of body shorter than 20.00 mm | 6 |
2 | Antennal segments II and III dark reddish-brown to black | 3 |
– | Antennal segments II and III pale orange to pale yellowish orange | 4 |
3 | Pronotal disk dark reddish-brown; dorsal surface of hind femora dark reddish- brown and ventral surface dull orange | |
– | Pronotal disk yellow with four longitudinal dark brown lines; hind femora yellow with ventral spines black ( |
|
4 | Pronotal disk reddish-brown, with a single longitudinal median dark line; humeral angles of pronotum prominent, laterally expanded, and apically sharply pointed ( |
|
– | Pronotal disk yellow with four longitudinal dark lines; humeral angles of pronotum prominent, laterally expanded, and apically blunt to nodulose | 5 |
5 | Dorsal surface of hind femur armed with two rows of black nodules and tubercles ( |
|
– | Dorsal surface of hind femur smooth ( |
|
6 | Anterolateral borders of pronotum uniformly crenulate; humeral angles laterally expanded, apically sharply pointed | 7 |
– | Anterolateral borders of pronotum smooth; humeral angles obtuse, not exposed, with or without short spine directed backward | 10 |
7 | Antennal segments I to III entirely shiny orange; anterolateral borders of pronotum shiny orange ( |
|
– | Antennal segments I to III predominantly or entirely black or dark reddish brown; anterolateral borders of pronotum black | 8 |
8 | Antennal segment IV dark brown with basal third (except basal joint) yellow ( |
|
– | Antennal segment IV entirely dark brown to black | 9 |
9 | Hemelytral membrane brassy with basal third black; antennal segment III bicolorous ( |
|
– | Hemelytral membrane uniformly brassy, without black spot basally; antennal segment III entirely black ( |
|
10 | Antennal segment IV dark brown with basal third (except basal joint) yellow ( |
|
– | Antennal segment IV entirely dark brown or dark reddish brown or shiny reddish orange | 11 |
11 | Antennal segments I to III shiny orange to shiny reddish brown; pronotal disk shiny yellow with three black to reddish-bown longitudinal stripes ( |
|
– | Antennal segments I to III never shiny orange; pronotal disk yellow with one black to reddish brown longitudinal stripe running mesially | 12 |
12 | Antennal segments II and III reddish-brown with basal joint yellow ( |
|
– | Antennal segments II and III entirely reddish-brown ( |
We thank R. T. Schuh (AMNH), R: Garrison (CDFA), Stephan M. Blank (DEIC), Jesus Ugalde (INBIO), Diego Carpintero (MABR), J. M. Maes (MELN), Gunvi Lindberg (NHRS), H. Zettel (NHMW), J. C. Schaffner (TAMU), Cecil L. Smith (UGAG), P. J. Clausen (UMSP), T. J. Henry (USNM), and H. Strümpel (ZMUH) for the loan of specimens and other assitance.