Corresponding author: Ryo Ogawa (
Academic editor: James Liebherr
In the present study, we have reviewed all species of the genus
The genus
In the present study, we have reviewed all the members of
The examined samples were collected by the first author and procured from the collections deposited at the
The abbreviations used are as follows: , length of elytra from base of pronotum to apex of elytra , maximum width of elytra , maximum width of head including eye , interocular distance , maximum length of pronotum , maximum width of pronotum , , , ,
Body narrow, usually 1.8 times as long as wide. Maxillary palpomere IV aciculate with some macrosetae (Fig.
Terminology. Model:
Mouth parts.
The shape of the labral apex in this genus is possibly species specific (Fig.
Paratypes, 1♂4♀, INDONESIA, LOMBOK IS., SENARO, N slope of Rinjani, 2–5. Feb. 1994, Bolm lgt. 1100m. (
Ovipositor simple: gonostylus with a long apical seta, almost as long as wide: distal gonocoxites elongated (Fig.
Habitus of previously described species.
(n = 4). Length (
(see
2♂1♀, Mauritius, Le Pouce, 18. XI. 1943, J. Vinson. (
Ovipositor simple: gonostylus short, longer than wide, with a long apical seta: distal gonocoxites elongated and slightly robust (Fig.
Habitus of previously described species.
(n = 3). Length (
(referred to
Holotype, 1♂, CEYLAN Central, Nuwera Eliya, 1950m, 29. I. 1970, Mussard Besuchet Löbl,
Paratypes, 4♂, same data as holotype; 2♂1♀, same data as holotype, but 15. II. 1970. (
1♀, SRI LANKA, 29. iv.–1. v., Idalgashinna, 1400m, 25km SW Badulla, Z. Kejval leg. 1994 (
Ovipositor simple: gonostylus with a long apical seta, distinctly longer than wide; distal gonocoxites elongated (Fig.
(n = 6). Length (
(see
This species is variable in the color of elytra as shown in Fig.
Holotype, 1♂, Acacia Plat. N. S. W., J. Armstrong, W. Steel coll., B. M. 1969-552 (
Paratype, 1♂, N. S. Wales, Acacia Plat, J. Armstrong (
3♂, Queensland, Umg, Bisbane, Wachtel. V. 1981; 1♂1♀, Monsildale Via Kilcay, S. E. Qld., 22. IV. 1963, Monteith; 1♀, N. S. W. Sydeny, Oxford falls, litter + bails, Au: 33, 29. X. 1982, Endrödy-Younga (
Ovipositor simple: gonostylus with a long apical seta, almost as long as wide: distal gonocoxites elongated (Fig.
(n = 5). Length (
(see
The male genitalia have a long sclerite (Fig.
Holotype, 1♂, CEYLAN Central, Kandy, 700 m, 16. II. 1970, Mussard Besuchet Löbl,
Paratypes, 9♂2♀, same data as holotype, but 14. II. 1970 (
Ovipositor simple: gonostylus with a long apical seta, distinctly longer than wide; distal gonocoxites elongated (Fig.
(n = 5). Length (
(see
1♂, Tarragona, Leyte I. Philippine islds VIII: II: 1945 / Col. & pres. by C. L. Remington /in rotting burned log. [pronotum and head missing] (
(referred to
Holotype, 1♂, E. NEPAL: KOSI, Val. Induwa Kola, 2100 m, 17. IV. 1984, Löbl – Smetana (
Paratypes, 1♀, INDE Kumaon (UP), Rangarh nr. 6b, ewu. 2000m, I. Löbl, 9. X. 1979; 2♂, INDE: HTM. PM. PR., 10km, NW Sarahan, 1700m, 7. X. 1988, S. Vit; 3♂1♀, 414, Sankhua Sabha Distr., Arun Valley, Chichila, 1900-2000m, Quercus forest, bushes near village, 18-20. VI. 1988, J. Martens & W. Schawaller (
Ovipositor simple: gonostylus with a very long apical seta, slightly longer than wide: distal gonocoxites elongated (Fig.
(n = 5). Length (
(see
Holotype, 1♂, Borneo Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu N. P. summit tr. Pondok Lowii, 2300–2400 m, 28. IV. 1987, A. Smetana,
The species epithet refers to the presence of a flagellum in the internal sac.
Habitus of new species.
Head with eye width almost the same as interocular distance. Punctuation sparse and fine.
Pronotum wider than long. Punctuation sparse and fine, as on head. Scutellum with exposed apex.
Elytra as long as wide, widest at basal fourth, lateral margins sharply narrowed apically, minutely serrate at inner part of posterior margin. Punctuation fine and sparse as on pronotum. Sutural striae extending outwards along basal margin to form basal striae, reaching humeral area and joined with lateral striae.
Hypomeron and lateral portion of mesoventrite smooth. Lateral portion of metaventrite finely and sparsely punctate. Metanepisternum about four times as long as wide, without longitudinal line. Mesepimeron almost as long as wide. Metacoxa about six times as wide as metacoxal process. Ventrite I sparsely and finely punctate.
Protarsomere V about three times as long as each I–IV. Mesotarsomere I about three times as long as each II–IV; V about 2.5 times as long as each II–IV. Metatarsomere I about twice as long as each II and III; each II and III about 1.5 times as long as IV; V about twice as long as IV.
Protarsomeres I–III possibly with tenent setae, but invisible at ×80 magnification, not enlarged. Aedeagus about 0.52 mm long; parameres symmetrical, with moderately widened apical section much longer than third of total parameral length; internal sac with a sinuate and curved flagellum, widened basally and apically (Fig.
Antennae.
Male genitalia of previously described species from dorsal and lateral views.
Male genitalia of new species from dorsal and lateral views.
Female genitalia.
Female. Unknown.
(n = 1). Length (
East Malaysia: Sabah.
This species is very similar to
Holotype, 1♂, Brunei/Temburong, Kuala Belalong FSC, 60–300 m, 16–20. IV. 1993, mixed Dipterc. for., E. Heiss,
Paratype, 1♂, SABAH: Porig Hot, Springs, 500 m, 6. V. 1987, Burckhardt – Löbl,
This species epithet is named in honour of the collector of the holotype, E. Heiss from Innsbruck, Austria.
Head with eye width almost the same as interocular distance. Punctuation sparse and fine.
Pronotum wider than long. Punctuation sparse and fine, as on head. Scutellum almost as long as wide, with exposed apex.
Elytra almost as long as wide, widest at basal fourth, lateral margins sharply narrowed apically, minutely serrate at inner part of posterior margin. Punctuation fine and sparse as on pronotum. Sutural striae extending outwards along basal margin to form basal striae, reaching humeral area and joined with lateral striae.
Hypomeron and lateral portion of mesoventrite smooth. Lateral portion of metaventrite finely and sparsely punctate. Metanepisternum about four times as long as wide, without longitudinal line. Metepimeron almost as long as wide. Metacoxa about six times as wide as metacoxal process. Ventrite I sparsely and finely punctate.
Protarsomere V about 2.5 times as long as each I–IV. Mesotarsomere I about 2.5 times as long as each II–IV; V about twice as long as IV. Metatarsomere I about three times as long as each II–IV; V about 1.5 times as long as each II–IV.
Protarsomeres I–III possibly with tenent setae, but invisible at ×80 magnification, not enlarged. Aedeagus 0.54 mm long; parameres symmetrical, with strongly widened apical section longer than third of total parameral length; internal sac with a sinuate flagellar sclerite, basally widened and bent (Fig.
Female. Unknown.
(n = 2). Length (
Brunei; East Malaysia: Sabah.
This species is very similar to
Holotype, 1♂, Mt. Lompobatang, Malino, S. Sulawesi, alt. ca. 1700m,
The species epithet is from the Latin
Head with eye width almost the same as interocular distance. Punctuation sparse and fine.
Pronotum wider than long. Punctuation sparse and fine, as on head. Scutellum with slightly exposed apex.
Elytra longer than wide, widest at basal sixth, lateral margins sharply narrowed apically, minutely serrate at inner part of posterior margin. Punctuation fine and sparse as on pronotum. Sutural striae interrupted at basal third.
Hypomeron and lateral portion of mesoventrite smooth. Lateral portion of metaventrite finely and sparsely punctate. Metanepisternum about four times as long as wide, without longitudinal line. Mesepimeron concealed. Metacoxa about six times as wide as metacoxal process. Ventrite I sparsely and finely punctate.
Protarsomere V about three times as long as each I–IV. Mesotarsomere I about twice as long as each II and III; V about twice as long as IV. Metatarsomere I about 2.5 times as long as each II and III; V about three times as long as IV.
Protarsomeres I–III possibly with tenent setae, but invisible at ×80 magnification, not enlarged. Aedeagus 0.54 mm long; parameres symmetrical, with moderately widened apical section shorter than third of total parameral length; internal sac with a sinuate and very long flagellum (longer than aedeagus), basally widened and bent (Fig.
Female. Unknown.
(n = 1). Length (
Indonesia: southern Sulawesi.
This species is similar to
Holotype, 1♂, Borneo Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu Nat. Pk. HQ Silau-Silau, Tr. 1550 m, 2. IV. 1988, [B171], A. Smetana,
This species epithet is in honour of the collector of its holotype, A. Smetana, Ottawa Canada.
Dorsal and ventral surface almost brown (Fig.
Head with eye width almost the same as interocular distance. Punctuation sparse and fine.
Pronotum wider than long. Punctuation sparse and fine, as on head. Scutellum with slightly exposed apex.
Elytra longer than wide, widest at basal sixth, lateral margins sharply narrowed apically, minutely serrate at inner part of posterior margin. Punctuation fine and sparse as on pronotum. Sutural striae interrupted at basal third.
Hypomeron and lateral portion of mesoventrite smooth. Lateral portion of metaventrite finely and sparsely punctate. Metanepisternum about four times as long as wide, without longitudinal line. Mesepimeron almost as long as wide. Metacoxa about six times as wide as metacoxal process. Ventrite I sparsely and finely punctate.
Protarsomere V 2.5 times as long as each I–IV. Mesotarsomere I about twice as long as II; II 1.2 times as long as each III and IV; V 1.5 times as long as each III and IV. Metatarsomere I about three times as long as each II and III; each II and III 1.1 times as long as IV; V about twice as long as IV.
Protarsomeres I–III possibly with tenent setae, but invisible at ×80 magnification, not enlarged. Aedeagus about 0.5 mm long; parameres symmetrical, with moderately widened apical section slightly longer than third of total parameral length; internal sac with straight, evenly wide flagellar sclerite (Fig.
Female. Unknown.
(n = 1). Length (
East Malaysia: Sabah.
This species is similar to
Holotype, 1♂, Mt Tilongkabila (Gunung Tilongkabila), N. Sulawesi, alt. ca. 1300m,
Paratypes, 1♂1♀, same data as holotype (
The species epithet is derived from Mapala Tarantula, the climbing club of Gorontalo State
Dorsal and ventral surface almost black to dark reddish-brown (Fig.
Head with eye width almost the same as interocular distance. Punctuation sparse and fine.
Pronotum slightly wider than long, with an anterior bead. Punctuation sparse and fine, as on head. Scutellum almost as long as wide, with exposed apex.
Elytra almost as long as wide, widest at basal sixth, lateral margins sharply narrowed apically, minutely serrate at inner part of posterior margin. Punctuation fine and sparse as on pronotum. Sutural striae extending outwards along basal margin to form basal striae, reaching humeral area and joined with lateral striae.
Hypomeron and lateral portion of mesoventrite smooth. Lateral portion of metaventrite finely and sparsely punctate. Metanepisternum about four times as long as wide, without longitudinal line. Mesepimeron almost as long as wide. Metacoxa about six times as wide as metacoxal process. Ventrite I sparsely and finely punctate, with microsculpture.
Protarsomere I twice as long as each II–IV; V 2.5 times as long as each II–IV. Mesotarsomere I 2.5 times as long as II; II 1.2 times as long as each III and IV; V 2.5 times as long as each III and IV. Metatarsomere I about three times as long as each II and III; each II and III 1.1 times as long as IV; V about twice as long as IV.
Male. Protarsomeres I–III possibly with tenent setae, but invisible at ×80 magnification, not enlarged. Aedeagus about 0.44 mm long; parameres symmetrical, with weakly widened apical section as long as fourth of total parameral length; internal sac with a sclerite as flagellum, straight, evenly wide, sometimes bent at base.
Female. Protarsomeres I–III not enlarged. Ovipositor simple: gonostylus with a long apical seta, distinctly longer than wide; distal gonocoxites apparently elongated (Fig.
(n = 9). Length (
Indonesia: northern Sulawesi.
This species is similar to
1 | Elytra without basal striae, sutural striae shortened | 2 |
– | Elytra with basal striae, joined to sutural striae | 4 |
2 | Body blackish. Scutellum concealed. Antennomere VIII almost as long as III. Parameres evenly widened. Internal sac without sclerites, slightly sclerotized | |
– | Body brownish. Scutellum slightly exposed. Antennomere VIII more than 1.5 times as long as III. Parameres notably widened at apical portion. Internal sac with a sclerite | 3 |
3 | Widened apical section of parameres much shorter than a third of total parameral length. Internal sac of aedeagus with a very long |
|
– | Widened apical section of parameres much longer than a third of total parameral length. Internal sac of aedeagus with a straight sclerite | |
4 | Elytra with distinctive bicolour pattern | 5 |
– | Elytra uniformly reddish-brown to black | 6 |
5 | Elytra dark, each with light transverse fascia situated in basal half of elytron and light apical part. Pronotum entirely dark | |
– | Elytra light, each darkened along basal and apical margins, usually also darkened along sutural margin. Pronotum light, usually with dark transverse fascia | |
6 | Body length ( |
7 |
– | Body length ( |
8 |
7 | Antennomere X distinctly more than 1.5 times as long as III. Mesotarsomeres II and III each about three times as long as I. Metatarsomeres II and III each about twice as long as I. Internal sac of aedeagus with evenly thick and sinuate sclerite | |
– | Antennomere X about 1.5 times as long as III. Mesotarsomeres II and III each about twice as long as I. Metatarsomeres II and III each three times as long as I. Internal sac of aedeagus with flagellum curved, sinuate, basally and apically thickened | |
8 | Widened apical section of parameres about as long as half of total parameral length. Internal sac of aedeagus with very long, weekly sclerotized and simple tube | |
– | Widened apical section of parameres shorter than half of total parameral length | 9 |
9 | Widened apical section of parameres much longer than third of total parameral length | 10 |
– | Widened apical section of parameres much shorter than third of total parameral length | 11 |
10 | Body length ( |
|
– | Body length ( |
|
11 | Antennomere XI more than twice as long as III. Internal sac of aedeagus with straight, evenly thickened |
|
– | Antennomere XI less than twice as long as III. Internal sac of aedeagus with short basal sclerites followed by long membranous tube |
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Roger Booth (