Cyphocoleus heterogenus Chaudoir 1877 (designated by Bousquet 2002).

When Bousquet (2002) designated the type species for Cyphocoleus, he chose the variant spelling C. hetorogenus (Chaudoir, 1877: 191), not mentioning the alternate spelling of C. heterogenus that was published in the same article (Chaudoir 1877: 196). Fauvel (1882) cited the species as C. heterogenus, choosing the correct Latin formation of the name, though he did not mention the alternate spelling. Subsequent authors (Fauvel 1903, Csiki 1931, Lorenz 2005) followed Fauvel’s (1882) usage of C. heterogenus without mention of the “hetorogenus” variant later cited by Bousquet (2002). Having cited both name variants together here – and therefore acting as first reviser under Article 24.2.3 (I.C.Z.N. 1999) – I designate C. heterogenus as the correct original spelling for the type species of Cyphocoleus.

Though quite variable in body proportions and appearance (Figs 47–50, 82–85, 99–103, 161–164), the genus Cyphocoleus is amply diagnosed from other Odacanthini based on the following combination of characters: 1, mandibles elongate, their length measured from anterior condyle to tip >1.8× distance from anterior margin of antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral labral margin; 2, maxillary galea 1-segmented and appressed to outer margin of lacinia (Figs 26, 27) [synapomorphy of Homethina]; 3, only posterior supraorbital seta present, or both supraorbital setae absent; 4, pronotal lateral and basal setae absent [a configuration shared with Quammenis spectabilis: Homethina, and Actenonyx bembidioides: Actenonycina]; 5, discal elytral intervals convex, not flat; 6, elytral subapical sinuation very distinctly, angularly concave; 7, metathoracic flight wings vestigial, that configuration associated with a flightlessness syndrome that includes metepisternum broader than long, tightly articulated metathorax and abdomen [those somites functionally fused], elytra fused at the suture, and very thick and brittle cuticle of elytra and abdominal ventrites; 8, head, prothorax, and elytra with pelage of secondary setae, those setae ranging from very short spike-like microtrichia, to elongate, paddle- or club-shaped setae (Figs 101, 102); and 9, transverse microsculpture, or the absence of any microsculpture on frons and pronotal disc. In addition, several characters exhibited by Cyphocoleus spp. are shared with various other subtribes of Odacanthini. An elongate scape, length 2.4–4.9× breadth is observed in all Homethina (Fig. 46). The submentum with only the inner seta each side is shared across Actenonycina, Homethina and Pentagonicina (Fig. 44). The mentum also lacks a median tooth: a character shared with other Homethina, Pentagonica, and some Scopodes spp. And the proepisternum is smooth, not punctate as observed in many Odacanthina (Fig. 46). Metatarsomeres 1–3 have narrow dorsolateral sulci both sides, and are broadly convex medially. Metatarsomere 4 bears both subapical and apical setae (Habu 1978).

Dorsal body surface smooth, glossy, with cyanotic iridescent reflection on elytral disc due to dense transverse microsculpture, antennae and legs contrastedly pale than dark body; head stout, broadest at juncture with prothorax, eyes small in diameter with outer surface extremely convex (Fig. 47), 16 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; only posterior supraorbital seta present each side, anterior seta absent; pronotal disc extremely smooth, the lateral marginal bead convexly continuous across the median base in an even arc; elytral humeri broadly rounded, the humerus anterad the depressed scutellum; elytra with anterior and medial dorsal elytral setae, the posterior seta absent; standardized body length 6.7–8.2 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule stout, frons broadly convex, the frontal grooves irregularly doubled anteriorly near clypeus; mandible length 2.0–2.1× distance from anterior margin of antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae filiform, moderately elongate, scape length 2.55× maximal breadth; eyes convex, but ocular ratio low due to very broad frons, MHW/mFW = 1.42–1.48; subgena without fixed macroseta. Pronotum orbicular, hind angles completely untraceable due to evenly convex lateral and basal margin; front angles briefly protruded; notum only slightly wider than long, MPW/PL = 1.03–1.07; median longitudinal impression shallow, finely incised on disc, terminated basally in a well-defined dimple; anterior transverse impression traceable as obsolete impressed line, anterior convexity flat; proepisternum not visible from above; prosternal process convex anteriorly, with deep median groove on ventral surface that continues onto posterior face. Elytral disc moderately convex, moderately broad, MEW/EL = 0.71–0.78; elytral intervals moderately and subequally convex across disc; striae indistinctly punctate to smooth, deep and well defined throughout length and in association with lateral elytral intervals; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket not upraised; lateral elytral setae arranged as (5)6 + 1 + 7(8), the setal articulatory sockets not upraised above surface; both apical and subapical setae present; subapical sinuation moderately incised, convexly meeting lateral margin; apical margins of fused elytra rounded, the elytral apices slightly separated by curvature at suture. Mesepisternum smooth; metepisternum shorter than broad, dorsal length/diagonal width 0.80. Legs of moderate length, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.26; metacoxae bisetose; dorsal surfaces of tarsomeres with two dorsolateral rows of elongate setae; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.6× median length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite broadly and very shallowly excavated to evenly convex; apical ventrite of male with one seta each side, of female with two setae each side. Microsculpture well developed on frons, consisting of isodiametric to slightly transversely stretched sculpticells; pronotum with dense transverse mesh over disc, but with isodiametric mesh medioapically on anterior margin; elytral intervals with dense transverse-line microsculpture; entire body surface with sparse pelage of fine microsetae, microsetae longer on frons and ventral body surface and shorter on pronotal disc and elytra. Coloration of head capsule rufopiceous; antennae pale throughout, brunneotestaceous; pronotum, proepipleuron and prosternum piceous; elytra rufopiceous basally, dark rufous apically; elytral epipleuron rufous; metepisternum piceous; abdomen rufobrunneous, ventrite 6 narrowly rufoflavous apically; femur, tibiae and tarsi flavous.

Male genitalia (n = 1). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided from base to apex of ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.25× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 51); lobe shaft slightly melanized, the internal sac visible through lobe wall in uneverted position; lobe apex parallel-sided, length distad ostial opening 2.5× dorsoventral breadth; tip of lobe narrowly rounded, slightly upcurved.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 2.75× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 60); bursal walls thin, translucent, with broad band of short spicules lining lumen near midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five setae (Fig. 66); apical gonocoxite acuminate with two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype female (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA / Mt. Rembai, 700–900 m / 9 May, 1984 / G. Monteith & D. Cook // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: April 2004 / No. LE 04.16 (green label) // female habitus photo / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / lissus / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (5 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Aoupinié, top camp, rainforest, 850 m el., Berlese sieved litter, 21°11’S, 165°18’E, 23-xi-2001, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 1045); Ningua Res. camp, 1100 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°45’S, 166°09’E, 12–13-xi-2001, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 8639); Mt. Do, summit, 1000 m el., 21°45’S, 166°00’E, 21–22-xi-2003, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11421), forest litter 21°45’S, 166°00’E 03-xii-2009, Schuh (NMHW, 1); Mt. Humboldt, moss forest, 1400 m el., night collecting, 21°53’S, 166°24’E, 06-xi-2002, Burwell, Monteith & Wright (QMB, 1; lot no. 11139).

The Latinized adjectival species epithet lissus is based on the Greek lissos, smooth (Brown 1956), signifying the smooth body surface of beetles comprising this species (Fig. 47).

Beetles of this species have been found at elevations from 700–1400 m, at localities ranging from Aoupinié to the north and Mt. Humboldt on the south (Fig. 76). Habitats include moss forest and rainforest, with specimens collected via pyrethrin fog of trees and logs, as well as in ground litter.

These remarkable beetles are uniquely diagnosed by the extremely elongate head and prothorax combined with broad, ovoid elytra (Fig. 48). In keeping with the elongate forebody, the mandibles are exceedingly long, their length 3.2× distance from anterior margin of antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum, and the antennae are also very elongate: scape length 3.6× maximum breadth. In stark contrast to C. lissus (Fig. 47), the head is broadest just posterad the mandibular articulation, and evenly reduced in width posteriorly to meet the narrow pronotum. The eyes are very small and oriented upward laterad the smooth, broadly convex frons. The elytral setation is also unique within Cyphocoleus; only the middle of three dorsal elytral setae present, whereas setae are absent from the anterior and posterior positions. Standardized body length among the largest for Cyphocoleus spp.; 11.7–13.1 mm.

(n = 3). Head capsule broadest anteriorly, a broad flange extended laterally laterad the antennal articulation and before the eye, the posterior articulatory condyle of mandible defining broadest portion of head; neck impression broad and shallow just before juncture of head and prothorax; eyes small though little convex, 17 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons broad relative to eyes, ocular ratio 1.23–1.36; supraorbital setae absent; gena setose, a large macroseta present just laterad gula at position slightly posterad hind margin of eye. Pronotum elongate, parallel sided, MPW/PL = 0.44–0.50, broadest near basal third of length; proepimeron bulging outward, visible in dorsal view just laterad and posterad broadest portion of notum; pronotal front angle rounded, not protruded at all; lateral margin of pronotum defined by marginal bead from front angle to just inside subangulate hind angle, median base margined by low, broadly concave ridge; median longitudinal impression very shallow, finely incised; anterior transverse impression shallow, perpendicular to median impression, defining broad, slightly elevated anterior callosity; prosternal process with medially depressed anterior and ventral surfaces, the posterior surface between procoxae convex. Elytra broadly ovoid, the disc relatively flat and sides steeply sloped; discal elytral intervals broadly convex, the associated striae deep, impunctate; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket not upraised above surface; elytral humeri narrow, humerus distinctly angulate just mesad base of fifth stria; elytral lateral margin distinctly concave laterad anterior series of lateral setae; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 1 + (7)8; subapical and apical elytral setae present; subapical sinuation broadly, shallowly concave, meeting lateral margin at rounded-obtuse angle; elytral apices acutely rounded, slightly separated from each other laterad fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternum subquadrate, dorsal length 1.08× diagonal width. Legs extremely elongate, femora very thin, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.27; metacoxa bisetose; dorsum of tarsomeres covered with extremely short, sparsely distributed microsetae; mt4 outer lobe 1.56× median length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite broadly and very shallowly excavated to evenly convex; apical ventrite of male with one seta each side, of female with two setae each side. Microsculpture of frons very transverse, densely packed lines only loosely connected into a mesh; pronotal and elytral discs covered with dense transverse lines causing silvery and cupreous iridescence; dorsal body surface bearing a sparse distribution of extremely short microsetae; pro- meso- and metasternum with pelage of longer, more densely distributed setae, abdominal ventrites apparently glabrous except for fixed macrosetae. Coloration of head capsule rufopiceous anterad eyes, piceous toward pronotum; antennae rufobrunneous, palps and maxillae slightly paler, brunneous; pronotum, proepipleuron and proepimeron piceous; elytral disc rufopiceous, elytral epipleura rufopiceous, metepisternum piceous; abdominal ventrites rufobrunneous, apical ventrite 6 narrow rufoflavous apically; femora and tibiae rufobrunneous, tarsi rufoflavous.

Male genitalia (n = 1). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadest near parameral articulations, slightly narrowed toward distal margin of ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength ̴0.3× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 52); lobe shaft slightly melanized, the internal sac visible through lobe wall in uneverted position; lobe apex parallel-sided, evenly downcurved to narrowly rounded tip, length distad ostial opening 4× dorsoventral breadth.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix elongate, columnar, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 4.5× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 61); bursal walls thin, translucent, densely wrinkled in distal half of bursa; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five to six setae (sixth seta smaller) (Fig. 67)

Holotype male (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA 11138 / 21°53’Sx166°24’E.1400m. / Mt Humboldt, moss forest. / 6–7Nov2002. Monteith & / Burwell.pyreth, trees&logs // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: Nov. 2003 / No. LEN 1688 (green label) // male habitus photo / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 2 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / prolixus / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (2 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Mt. Humboldt, moss forest, 1400 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°53’S, 166°24’E, 06–07-xi- 2002, Monteith & Burwell (QMB, 2; lot 11138).

The elongate prothorax exhibited by beetles of this species (Fig. 48) supports use of the adjectival species epithet prolixus; i.e. stretched out, long (Brown 1956).

This species is known only from Mt. Humboldt at 1400 m el. (Fig. 77). The three specimens were collected from pyrethrin fog samples of trees and logs within moss forest.

Beetles as large as C. prolixus, standardized body length 10.8–13.1 mm, but head and prothorax much broader, the head much more developed at the expense of pronotal length (Figs 48, 49).Though the mandibles are shorter than in C. prolixus, with mandibular length 2.0× distance from antennal socket to anterolateral margin of labrum, the antennae are longer, with scape length 4.1× maximal breadth. The pronotum is unique among Cyphocoleus due to the extremely elongate, acutely protruded front angles. The presence of three dorsal elytral setae is shared only with C. ovicollis (Fig. 82), all other species exhibiting more reduced numbers of dorsal elytral setae or none at all.

(n = 5). Head capsule broad, robust, distance from clypeal-labral suture subequal to width across eyes; frons broadly convex, with small chevron-shaped indentation medially between front margins of eyes; eyes moderately large, convex, 28 ommatidia across horizontal diameter; eyes moderately small, convex, ocular ratio 1.35–1.42; only posterior supraorbital seta present; neck distinctly impressed just before juncture with prothorax; gena glabrous, subgenal seta absent. Pronotum distinctly cordate, margin sinuately constricted basally; lateral marginal bead present from acute front angles to just mesad tightly rounded hind angles; median base margin by fine bead; proepisternum slightly bulging, visible in dorsal view along middle half of prothorax; median longitudinal impression shallow, finely incised; anterior transverse impression broad, shallow, obliquely meeting median impression; anterior callosity slightly convex; prosternal process with fine median ridge anteriorly between procoxae, medially depressed on ventral and posterior face. Elytra broadly ovoid, disc moderately convex with side only moderately depressed relative to disc; elytral striae impunctate; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket not upraised above elytral surface; elytra narrow basally, humeri obtuse-angulate at base of fifth stria; lateral margin straight to slightly concave lateral anterior series of lateral elytral setae; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 1 + 7–8; subapical and apical elytral setae present; subapical sinuation distinctly invaginated, curvature greatest just mesad obtusely rounded juncture of sinuation and lateral margin. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length 0.86× diagonal width. Abdomen of males with apical margin of apical ventrite distinctly notched, the invagination smoothly rounded; apical ventrite of male with one seta each side, of female with two setae each side. Legs elongate, gracile, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.26; metacoxae bisetose; tarsomeres with short sparse setae dorsally; mt4 outer lobe 1.7× median length, 4–5 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture of frons and vertex a stretched isodiametric mesh; pronotal disc and discal elytral intervals covered with fine transverse lines; dorsal surface of body apparently glabrous except for standard macrosetae; pro-, meso-, and metasternum and visible abdominal ventrites with sparsely distributed pelage of very short setae. Coloration of dorsum rufopiceous with cyanotic to cupreous iridescence due to microsculpture; antennae dark rufous, paler apically, palps brunneous; basal abdominal ventrites rufopiceous, ventrite 6 rufobrunneous, margin narrowly brunneous; femora rufopiceous, tibiae rufobrunneous, tarsi slightly paler, dark rufous.

Male genitalia (n = 8). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided in basal 3/4 of length, then evenly narrowed to projected, narrow tip, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.25× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 53); lobe shaft slightly melanized, the internal sac visible through lobe wall in uneverted position; lobe apex tapered to tightly rounded tip, length distad ostial opening 2.5× dorsoventral breadth; internal sac evenly covered with short melanized spicules in distal half, of sinuous shape but sides parallel in extension (Fig. 54).

Female reproductive tract (n = 2). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 2.4× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 62); bursal walls thin, translucent, with broad band of spicules lining lumen near midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of seven to eight setae (Fig. 68); apical gonocoxite broadly rounded at apex with three lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (MNHN): Ex Musæo / Chaudoir (red-inked white label with red border) // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / heterogenus / Chaudoir 1877 (black-bordered red label). Holotype status is based on Chaudoir’s (1887: 193) statement “Cet insecte m’a été cédé par M. Sallé.” Yahoué hereby designated type locality.

Found throughout Grande Terre, from Mt. Ignambi and Mt. Panié on the north, to Forêt de Thi on the south (Fig. 77, Suppl. material 3). Beetles have been collected from pyrethrin spray samples from trees and logs, with and without epiphytes, from under a rock near a dead tree, from Freycinetia axils, and by hand during night.

This species and its following adelphotaxon are difficult to diagnose practically (Figs 50, 82), yet are clearly separate species. They can be diagnosed by the more convex eyes in beetles of this species, ocular ratio 1.47–1.55, and presence of four apical abdominal setae in males – two setae each side of apical visible abdominal ventrite – versus two apical abdominal setae – one each side – in males of C. ovicollis. The pronotum is generally narrower basally among individuals of this species – MPW/BPW = 1.87–2.10 – but the values overlap in the two species, with individuals of C. ovicollis ranging in values 2.04–2.29 for the same ratio. If a male is available, the identity based on abdominal setation can be confirmed based on the very different aedeagal internal sacs: that of C. parovicollis exhibiting an apical “cockscomb” of large, densely pack macrotrichia (Fig. 56). The allopatric geographic distributions can assist in the sorting of these two species, with C. parovicollis distributed to the north of C. ovicollis (Fig. 78). Standardized body length 9.4–12.1 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule moderately broad, gena elongate anterad constricted neck (Fig. 50); frons broadly convex, but with variably developed chevron-shaped depression medially between eyes; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles elongate, length 2.5× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae very elongate, scape length 4.33× maximal breadth; supraorbital setae absent; gena glabrous, subgenal seta absent. Pronotum narrowly obovoid, MPW/PL = 0.78–0.88; front angles slightly protruded, right to slightly obtuse; lateral marginal bead continuous to obtuse-rounded basal angles and across straight median base; proepisternum bulging outward and so visible in dorsal view for middle half of pronotal length; median longitudinal impression deep, finely incised, terminated posteriorly in variably developed transverse depression; anterior transverse impression very shallow, obliquely paralleling anterior pronotal margin; prosternal process indistinctly depressed medially on ventral surface. Elytra narrowly subellipsoid, MEW/EL = 0.65–0.70; disc broadly and moderately convex; elytral striae deep, impunctate, associated intervals broadly convex; parascutellar seta present, socket not upraised above elytral surface; humeri very narrow, distinctly obtuse-angulate at base of fifth stria; elytral lateral margin convex laterad anterior series of lateral elytral setae; two to three dorsal elytral setae present (setae at anterior and middle positions always present, posterior seta present or absent); lateral elytral setae arranged as 6+ 1(0) + 7; subapical and apical setae present; subapical sinuation broadly and slightly concave, joining lateral margin in a broad curve; elytral apices tightly rounded, slightly separated from suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternum dorsal length 0.93× diagonal width. Abdomen of males with distinct, narrow notch medially on apical margin of apical ventrite; females with two setae each side on apical margin of apical ventrite. Legs elongate, gracile, mt1 length/tibial length 0.26; metacoxae bisetose; tarsomeres with short, sparse seta on dorsum; mt4 outer lobe 1.5× median length, 4–5 lateroventral setae each side. Microsculpture of frons transversely stretched isodiametric mesh to distinctly transverse mesh on vertex; pronotal disc with dense transverse-line microsculpture loosely organized into a mesh; elytral disc with dense transverse lines resulting in cyanotic to cupreous iridescence; pro-, meso-, and metasternum with sparse pelage of short microsetae, abdominal ventrites and dorsal body surface apparently glabrous. Coloration of head capsule rufopiceous, antennae rufobrunneous with piceous cast on antennomeres 1–3; pronotum piceous, proepipleuron and proepisternum rufopiceous; elytra rufopiceous; elytral epipleuron rufous, metepisternum rufopiceous; femora and tibiae rufobrunneous, tarsi rufoflavous.

Male genitalia (n = 4). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided to near distal margin of ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.2× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 55); lobe shaft brunneous, the internal sac obscured in uneverted position by the moderately melanized lobe wall; lobe apex with broadly rounded tip, tip skewed toward the left side of lobe, length distad ostial opening only slightly more than breadth; internal sac with apical “cockscomb” composed of densely packed, elongate, melanized, spike-like macrotrichia, the sac broadest at midlength (Fig. 56).

Female reproductive tract (n = 2). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 1.8× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 63); bursal walls thick, heavily pigmented by Chlorazol Black stain, with broad band of thick, densely packed spicules lining lumen over broadest part of bursa; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of six setae, an additional small seventh seta observed in one individual (Fig. 69); apical gonocoxite acuminate with narrowly rounded apex and three lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA 8682 / 20°58’Sx165°17’E.500m / Pic d’Amoa, N slopes / 24Nov2001. GBMonteith / Pyrethrum, trees & logs // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / Date: Nov. 2003 / no. LEN-1688 (green label) // Cyphocoleus / n. sp. / ovicollis male 9 / det. J.K. Liebherr 2015 // genitalia vial // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / parovipennis / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (30 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Mandjélia, above Pouébo 600–750 m el, 20°24’S, 164°32’E, 11–13-v-1984, Monteith & Cook (QMB,1); Mt. Panié refuge, 1300 m el., 20°34’S, 164°46’E, 16–18-xi-2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 9938); Pic d’Amoa, N slopes, 500 m el., hand collecting, 20°58’S, 165°17’E, 10–11-xi- 2001, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 8687); Aoupinié, 850 m el., 21°11’S, 165°19’E, 20–21-xi-2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 9930), summit, 1000 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°11’S, 165°16’E, 02-x-2004, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11665), 21°11’S, 165°19’E, 12-xii-1993, Raven (QMB, 1); Me Maoya, near summit, 1400 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°22’S, 165°20’E, 12-xi-2002, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11163); Me Maoya camp, 1150 m el., night collecting, 21°22’S, 165°20’E, 11–12-xi- 2002, Burwell, Monteith & Wright (QMB, 15; lot no. 11159), pyrethrum trees & logs, 11–13-xi-2002, Monteith & Burwell (QMB, 5; lot no. 11158); Me Maoya, near summit, 1300 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°22’S, 165°20’E, 12-xi-2002, Monteith & Burwell (QMB, 2; lot no. 11169).

The adelphotaxon status and great similarity of this species and C. ovicollis (Figs 46, 50, 82) is signified through use of parovicollis as this species’ epithet: i.e. equal to ovicollis.

This species is distributed in the northern half of Grande Terre, allopatric with its adelphotaxon, C. ovicollis, which is distributed to the south (Fig. 78). Beetles have been collected from tree trunks and downed logs via pyrethrin fog, and also by hand collecting at night.

In juxtaposition to its cryptic adelphotaxon, this species can be diagnosed by the flatter eyes, ocular ratio 1.41–1.44, and presence of two apical abdominal setae in the males of this species – one seta each side of apical visible abdominal ventrite – versus four apical abdominal setae – two each side – in males of C. parovicollis. The pronotum is generally broader basally among individuals of this species – MPW/BPW = 2.04–2.29 – versus values of 1.87–2.10 in C. ovicollis. A male dissection will allow attribution of a series of specimens, with the male of C. ovicollis exhibiting an internal sac with a robust, mound-shaped tooth on the right side (Figs 58, 59). The allopatric geographic distributions also provide information as C. ovicollis (Fig. 78) is distributed to the south of C. parovicollis. Standardized body length 9.1–11.0 mm.

(n = 5). (The description of C. parovicollis can serve for this species, with the following exceptions). Head capsule with mandibles elongate, length 2.4× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum. Elytra more broadly subellipsoid, MEW/EL = 0.71–0.73; three dorsal elytral setae uniformly present; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 1(0) + 7(8). Mesepisternum dorsal length 0.8× diagonal width.

Male genitalia (n = 5). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided in basal half, then tapered to narrowly rounded tip, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.2× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 57); lobe shaft brunneous, the internal sac obscured in uneverted position by the moderately melanized lobe wall; lobe apex with evenly rounded tip, length distad ostial opening subequal to breadth; internal sac broadest at midlength, with large sclerotized plaque-like tooth on right side, and a ring of melanized microtrichia apically near gonopore (Figs 58, 59).

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 1.7× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (as in Fig. 63); bursal walls thick, heavily pigmented by Chlorazol Black stain, with broad band of thick, densely packed spicules lining lumen over broadest part of bursa; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of six to seven setae (Fig. 70); apical gonocoxite acuminate with narrowly rounded apex and three lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (MNHN): C. ovicollis / Fvl. // Ex-Musæo / Mniszech (white label with black border) // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / ovicollis / Fauvel 1882 (black-bordered red label). Type locality noted by Fauvel (1882: 248) as “probablement à Ourail,” with Bourail hereby designated type locality.

The known distribution northern portions of Province Sud, from Bourail and Col d’Amieu on the north to Mt. Do and Ningua Reserve to the south (Fig. 78, Suppl. material 3). Specimens have been obtained in pyrethrin samples from trunks and logs with and without epiphytes, via hand collecting, with one series of six specimens collected in a flight intercept trap, without doubt having climbed onto and into the trap.

This species and the following, C. angustatus, comprise a second sibling species pair, these two characterized by the narrow body: i.e. pronotum and elytra. The pronotum of C. burwelli is more evenly ovate, with MPW/BPW = 1.72–1.83 versus values of 1.84–1.91 for C. angustatus. The pronotum is also relatively narrower overall, with MPW/PL = 0.68–0.72 compared to values of 0.72–0.77 recorded for C. angustatus. The elytra are narrower basally in C. burwelli, with MEW/HuW = 2.78–3.19 versus 2.60–2.79 for C. angustatus, and the humeral angle is obtuse versus very distinctly right angled to slightly acute in C. angustatus (Figs 83, 84). A male dissection can be used to confirm this diagnosis, with the aedeagal median lobe apex narrowly rounded in this species, and the internal sac bearing a stout apical tooth (Fig. 86). Standardized body length 11.1–12.2 mm.

(n = 4). Head capsule moderately elongate, trapezoidal, with broad flange basad posterior mandibular articulation, neck distinctly constricted (Fig. 83); frons broadly convex between hind margin of eyes, with shallow median dimple and progressively broadened frontal grooves anteriorly; eyes small and little convex, 23–28 ommatidia across horizontal diameter; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles elongate, length 2.4× distance from antennal articulatory socket to lateroapical margin of labrum; antennae elongate, scape length 4.2× maximal breadth; subgenal seta absent. Pronotum with front angles only slightly protruded, obtuse angulate; lateral marginal bead continuous to just mesad evenly rounded hind angles, basal margin not beaded medially; proepipleuron and proepisternum bulging outward in basal half of pronotal length, visible in dorsal view; median longitudinal impression shallowly and finely incised, wavering along length; anterior transverse impression very shallow, barely traceable as oblique impression that reaches lateral marginal bead behind front angle; prosternal process flat anteriorly, flat to slightly depressed medially on ventral surface, convex posteriorly between procoxae. Elytra narrowly ellipsoid, moderately convex; elytral striae deep, impunctate, associated intervals moderately convex; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket not upraised above surface of elytra; humeral angles obtuse-angulate, the juncture of basal and marginal grooves tightly rounded; lateral margin evenly convex outside anterior series of lateral elytral setae; two to three dorsal elytral setae present (setae at anterior and middle position present or absent, seta at posterior position always present); lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + (7)8; subapical and apical elytral setae present; subapical sinuation slightly, evenly concave, sinuation meeting lateral margin in broadly convex curve; elytral apices rounded, the apical margin invaginated to meet fused elytral suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length 0.9× diagonal width. Abdomen of males with apical ventrite distinctly notched medially; two setae on apical margin of apical ventrite in males (one seta each side), four setae (two each side) present on apical margin of females. Legs elongate, gracile, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.27; metacoxae bisetose; tarsomeres with short, sparsely distributed setae on dorsal surface; mt4 length of outer lobe 1.3× median length, 6–8 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture of frons isodiametric, longitudinally stretched near median dimple, head microsculpture transversely stretched on clypeus and further posterad on vertex, becoming dense transverse lines before neck constriction; pronotal and elytral disc with dense transverse-line microsculpture; pro-, meso-, and metasternum, metacoxae and abdominal ventrites with sparsely distributed pelage of moderately elongate microsetae. Coloration of head and pronotum piceous with metallic cyanotic iridescence due to microsculpture; elytra rufopiceous with similar iridescence; ventral body surface uniformly dark, piceous to rufopiceous on medial portions of apical three abdominal ventrites, apical ventrite with pale, rufoflavous apical margin; legs slightly paler than ventrites, femora and tibiae rufobrunneous with piceous case, tarsi brunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 1). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided in basal half, then tapered to rounded tip, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.3× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 86); lobe shaft brunneous, the internal sac obscured in uneverted position by the moderately melanized lobe wall; lobe apex with tapered tip, length distad ostial opening subequal to breadth; internal sac broadest at midlength, with extremely large sclerotized apical tooth and a broad ring of melanized microtrichia over middle half of sac (Fig. 86).

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 1.4× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (as in Fig. 63); bursal walls thick, heavily pigmented by Chlorazol Black stain, with broad band of thick, densely packed spicules lining lumen over broadest part of bursa; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of six to seven setae (Fig. 71); apical gonocoxite triangular with rounded apex (due to wear?) and three lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype female (MNHB deposited in MNHN): Drs. F. Sarasin&J. Roux / Neukaledonien / Mt. Humboldt (on obverse of blue label) / Gipsel, 1600 m. / 18.9.1911 (on reverse of blue label) // Cyphocoleus / ovicollis Fauv. / Det. K.M. Heller 1914 // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / burwelli / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (3 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Ningua Reserve, near summit, 1300 m el., 21°45’S, 166°09’E, 13-xi-2001, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1); Mt. Humboldt, 1600 m el., 21°53’S, 166°26’E, 18-ix-1911, Sarasin & Roux (SMTD, 1); Mt. Kanala, Wald, 800–1000 m el., 21°34’S, 165°56’E, 04-xi-1911, Sarasin/Roux (MNHB, 1).

This species is named for Dr. Chris Burwell, Senior Curator of Insects, Queensland Museum, in recognition of the numerous specimens of Cyphocoleus he has collected: many representing previously undescribed species.

The distribution of this species ranges from Mt. Humboldt on the south, to Mt. Canala on the north (Fig. 79). Collection sites range in elevation from 1000–1600 m.

As the second half of the sibling species pair also including C. burwelli, this species can be diagnosed by the more basally constricted pronotum, MPW/BPW = 1.84–1.91 versus values of 1.72–1.83 for C. burwelli. The pronotum is also relatively broader overall, with MPW/PL = 0.72–0.77 versus values of 0.68–0.72 for C. burwelli. The elytra are broader basally in C. angustatus, with MEW/HuW = 2.60–2.79 versus 2.78–3.19 C. burwelli. The humeral angle is positioned more anteriorly relative to the scutellum, and is very distinctly right angled to slightly acute in this species (Fig. 84). If a male can be dissected, the aedeagal median lobe apex is broadly expanded in this species, and the internal sac bears an apical “cockscomb” of densely packed macrotrichia (Fig. 87). Standardized body length 11.0–11.6 mm.

(n = 3). (The description of C. burwelli can serve for this species, with the following exceptions). Head capsule with mandibles exceedingly elongate; length 4.9× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae exceedingly elongate, gracile, scape length 4.9× maximal breadth. Pronotum margined basally with narrow, little upraised bead crossing median base between the distinctly margined, rounded hind angles. Elytra narrowly ovoid, extremely narrow basally; two dorsal elytral setae present at positions of middle and posterior seta; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 1 + 7, or 6 + 8. Legs extremely elongate, gracile; metacoxae trisetose, two setae on lateral surface fore and aft, and a third large seta medial to posterior seta (short setae comprising part of ventral pelage also present); mt4 with length to apex of outer lobe 1.45× median tarsomere length. Coloration of legs paler than piceous thoracic and rufopiceous abdominal ventrites, femora dark rufous with piceous cast, tibiae rufobrunneous, and tarsi paler, brunneous to rufoflavous.

Male genitalia (n = 2). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided to near distal margin of ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.2× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 87); lobe shaft melanic, the internal sac obscured in uneverted position by the moderately melanized lobe wall; lobe apex with very broadly rounded tip, length distad ostial opening less than breadth; internal sac with well-developed apical “cockscomb” composed of densely packed, elongate, melanized, spike-like macrotrichia, the basal half of sac densely covered with short, melanized microtrichia.

Holotype male (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA / Mt Panié, 1300 m / 3-xi-1988 / R. Raven // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: Jan. 2004 / No. LE 04.01 (green label) // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 male 2 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / angustatus / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (7 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Mt. Panié, 730 m el., under stones amongst ants, 20°32’S, 164°44’E , 24-viii-1914, Montague (BMNH, 2), 28-viii-1914, Montague (BMNH, 1), 1300 m el., 20°34’S, 164°46’E, 03-xi-1988, Raven (QMB, 1), refuge, 1350 m el., 20°34’S, 164°46’E, 08–09-xi-2001, Balke & Wewalka (ZSM, 2).

The narrow, elongate pronotum and very narrow elytral humeri (Fig. 84) suggest the adjectival species epithet, angustatus, based on the Latin angustus, or narrow (Brown 1956).

This species is known only from Mt. Panié, with localities at 730 m elevation in 1914, and from 1300–1350 m elevation for more recently collected material (Fig. 79). P. D. Montague’s specimens (see Turner 1919) are labeled as being collected “under stones amongst ants”, although the level of interaction among beetles and ants, if any, is not known.

This species (Fig. 85) shares the very elongate prothorax and narrow head with C. prolixus (Fig. 48), however the pronotal disc is transversely wrinkled and the pronotal front angles are acutely extended as in C. miricollis below. These characters support this species’ phylogenetic intercalation subordinate to the former, and as adelphotaxon to the latter plus all cladistically associated species (Fig. 45). The elytra are distinctly ovate and very convex, domed, the lateral intervals and margins very depressed relative to the disc. This is also the first of the species to be treated in this revision that bears an environmental patina: in this species a varnish-like coating that covers the body surface of the beetles, this coating deepest in depressed areas such as the transverse pronotal wrinkles and elytral striae. Body surfaces on the mouthparts, antennae, and at the base of the head between the constricted neck and anterior prothoracic margin are dramatically clear of this varnish. Standardized body length 8.5–10.5 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule ellipsoid, genal surfaces behind eyes subparallel, then converging to distinctly constricted neck; frons with broad medial crest between eyes, fine arcuate wrinkles curving outward and posterad from crest, frontal grooves parallel, broadly depressed from position between hind margins of eyes to clypeus, broadest just posterad frontoclypeal suture; eyes small, convex, 20 ommatidia across horizontal diameter, ocular ratio 1.39–1.50; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles moderately elongate, length 2.4× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, scape length 2.6× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present just laterad gula about 2/3 distance from hind margin of eye to constricted neck. Pronotum elongate, tubular, MPW/PL = 0.59–0.69, base constricted relative to apex, APW/BPW = 1.28–1.40; median longitudinal impression finely and shallowly incised, causing interruptions in orientation of transverse wrinkles in some instances; anterior transverse impression broad, shallow, extended laterally to behind front angles; proepisternum bulging, extended beyond marginal bead of notum, with distinct, deeply engraved vertical wrinkles; prosternal process distinctly depressed medially anterad procoxae, flat to narrowly depressed medially on ventral surface, narrowly convex on posterior surface. Elytra inflated, based inflexed at scutellum and depressed along suture, intervals 3–5 convexly elevated; striae smooth with very widely spaced micropunctures along length (view cleaned specimen); parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket papillate, elevated above surrounding elytral surface; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7, their articulatory sockets slightly upraised above surrounding cuticle, often appearing clear of cuticular varnish; subapical and apical elytral setae present, articulatory sockets papillate and clear of varnish; subapical sinuation moderately concave, meeting lateral margin in broad curve; elytral apices rounded, moderately separated by invaginated margin at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate, metepisternal dorsal length 1.1× diagonal width. Abdomen with apical ventrite broadly, slightly concave medially; males with one seta each side apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs gracile, moderately elongate, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.27; metacoxae bisetose; tarsomeres with dorsal surface glabrous; mt4 with length to apex of outer lobe 1.8× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture of head transverse, dense; pronotal and elytral disc with fine transverse lines; pro-, meso-, and metasternum plus abdominal ventrites with sparse pelage of extremely short microsetae, such extremely short setae also visible on head on frons, pronotum, and elytra (though cleaning the surface may remove setae). Coloration of head piceous, mandibles rufobrunneous, palps and antennae rufoflavous; pronotum, elytra and body ventrites and coxae piceous; femora piceous with rufobrunneous base and apex, tibiae rufopiceous dorsally, rufobrunneous on lateral and ventral surfaces, tibiae rufobrunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 6). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided from base to apex of ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.25× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 88); lobe shaft slightly melanized, the internal sac visible through lobe wall in uneverted position; lobe apex parallel-sided, length distad ostial opening subequal to dorsoventral breadth; tip of lobe evenly, narrowly rounded.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 1.8× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 64); bursal walls thin, translucent basally, thicker and more heavily stained with Chlorazol Black stain near midlength, lumen without spicules, but bursal surface wrinkled in distal half; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of seven to eight setae (Fig. 72); apical gonocoxite acuminate with narrowly rounded apex and three lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA 11152 / 22°02’Sx166°28’E. 950m. / Dzumac Rd., junction / 26Jan2004. G.Monteith / pyrethrum, trees & logs // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: April 2004 / No. LE 04.16 (green label) // male habitus photo 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / monteithi / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (22 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Mt. Ouin, 1100 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 22°01’S, 166°28’E, 09-xi-2002, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11150); Dzumac Road junction, 950 m el., 22°02’S, 166°28’E, 09-xi-2002, Burwell, Monteith & Wright (QMB, 1; lot no. 11145), pyrethrum trees & logs, 09-xi-2002 Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 3; lot no. 11143), pyrethrum mossy trees, 04-xii-2003, Monteith (QMB, 3; lot no. 11458), pyrethrum trees & logs, 26-i-2004, Monteith (QMB, 8; lot no. 11522), flight intercept trap, 05-xii-2003–26-i-2004, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11465); Mt. Dzumac road, 700 m el., pyrethrum trunks & logs, 22°03’S, 166°28’E, 01-xii-2000, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 9913); Mt. Mou summit, 1200 m el., 22°04’S, 166°21’E, 24-v-1984, Monteith & Cook (ANIC, 1; QMB, 1), moss forest, 1200 m el., hand collecting, 27–28-xii-2004, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 12019); Rivière Bleue, Haute Pourina, 800 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 22°06’S, 166°38’E, 22-xi-2002, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11210).

I take great pleasure in naming this extremely distinctive species (Fig. 85) for Dr. Geoff Monteith, Senior Curator of Insects Emeritus, Queensland Museum. His collecting activities involving numerous field expeditions to New Caledonia formed the taxonomic basis for this study.

This species is known only from the southern portion of Grande Terre: localities range from Mt. Ouin on the north to Parc Provincial Rivière Bleue on the south (Fig. 79). Collection localities range from 700–1200 m el., with beetles collected via pyrethrin fog of trees and logs, hand collecting, and in a flight intercept trap into which one beetle was able to climb.

This species shares the elongate prothorax with transversely wrinkled notum and acutely projected front angles with C. monteithi, but the elytra are very flat, and the elytral striae distinctly punctate, the punctures expanding strial breadth (Fig. 99). The pronotum is narrowly trapezoidal, with broadly rounded hind angles and a deep transverse groove defining a broadly elevated pronotal basal margin, APW/BPW = 1.28–1.40. Based on the two examined specimens, it appears that this species carries a layer of environmental varnish similar to that observed for C. monteithi above (Fig. 85), not the abundant layer of environmental debris that coats individuals of C. mirabilis, C. moorei, and C. lescheni (Figs 100–103). Standardized body length 7.3–7.7 mm.

(n = 2). Head capsule ovoid with deeply constricted neck, genae distinctly incurved at back of head; frons with large, shallow chevron-shaped medial impression, frontal grooves broad and subparallel; eyes small, moderately convex, ocular ratio 1.30–1.50; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles moderately elongate, length 2.5× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; gena glabrous. Pronotum narrow, tubular, MPW/PL = 0.63–0.67; median longitudinal impression deep, interrupting orientation of deep transverse wrinkles, terminated anteriorly as a deep pit; anterior marginal bead very broad, the deep groove just posterad bead interpreted as anterior transverse impression; proepipleuron and proepisternum bulging outward, visible in dorsal view for much of pronotal length, proepisternum smooth. Elytra broadly ellipsoid, MEW/EL = 0.68–0.69; humeri broadly angulate laterad depressed scutellum and parascutellar interval; parascutellar setae present, articulatory socket papillate, elevated above elytral surface; elytral striae deeply incised, punctate, the punctures separated by about 5× puncture diameter; elytral intervals distinctly convex, the sutural, third, fifth, and seventh interval subcarinate, most evidently so basally; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral margin straight to slightly concave laterad anterior series of lateral elytral setae; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 6; subapical elytral seta present, apical seta absent; subapical sinuation distinctly concave, sinuation subangulately meeting lateral margin; elytral apices broadly rounded, margin deeply invaginated at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; mesepisternum with dorsal length subequal to diagonal width. Abdomen of males and females with apical ventrite broadly, slightly concave medially; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs gracile, moderately long; metacoxae bisetose; tarsomeres relatively broad and short, mt1 length 0.21× tibial length; mt4 with long, broad apical lobes, length to apex of outer lobe 2.67× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture reduced, frons with surface shiny, transversely stretched isodiametric mesh traceable over portions of surface; pronotum glossy with fine transverse lines visible over portions of surface; elytral glossy on disc with transverse lines visible apically; body surface – head, pronotum, elytra, and ventral surfaces – with sparse pelage of very short setae (these setae may be removed in part by cleaning). Coloration of head and pronotal disc rufopiceous; prothoracic ventrites piceous; elytra rufobrunneous; thoracic and abdominal ventrites rufopiceous, apical abdominal ventrite apically brunneous; femora and tibiae rufobrunneous, tarsi brunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 1). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided from base to apex of ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.25× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 89); lobe shaft slightly melanized, the internal sac visible through lobe wall in uneverted position; lobe apex parallel-sided, dorsoventral breadth slightly longer than length; tip of lobe evenly rounded.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix broadly columnar, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 2.7× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 65); bursal walls thin, translucent, the lumen smooth; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five setae (Fig. 73); apical gonocoxite broad basally, but narrow for much of length, with narrowly rounded apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Lectotype male (IRSN) hereby designated: M^t Mou (white label glued to larger pink label) Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Nouvelle Calédonie / rec. / Deplanche / ex. coll. Fauvel // type (pink label with black border) // Coll. et det. A. Fauvel / Cyphocoleus 1882 / miricollis n. sp. / R. I. Sc. N. B. 17.479 // LECTOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / miricollis / Fauvel 1882 (black-bordered red label // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015.

Known from sites in the southern mountains of Province Sud, near Mt. Ouin, at Mt. Mou, and at Forêt Nord (Fig. 80, Suppl. material 3).

This species comprises one-third of a species triplet characterized by anterior and posterior projections on the front and hind angles of the pronotum (Figs 101–103), as well as presence of a pelage of setae that are club- or paddle-shaped: i.e. the setae are 2–3× broader apically that at their base. C. mirabilis is the largest-bodied of the three; standardized body length 6.5–7.0 mm, and also differs by the larger eye size: eyes slightly convex with 12 ommatidia present across a horizontal eye diameter. The apical abdominal ventrite bears a single seta on its apical margin in both males and females of this species, whereas females of the other two species in the triplet – C. moorei and C. lescheni – have two setae each side of the apical ventrite’s apical margin. This species shares with C. lescheni the presence of a lateral marginal carina connecting the two pronotal processes, whereas C. moorei lacks such a carina. Conversely, dark rufous body coloration is shared among individuals of C. mirabilis and C. moorei (Figs 101, 102) versus the pale brunneous and flavous coloration of C. lescheni.

(n = 3). Head capsule elongate, genae subparallel behind eyes and deeply converging at constricted neck; frons with small dimple-like depression medially between eyes, the dimple lined with isodiametric sculpticells; frontal grooves broad and deep, restricted to portion of frons anterad eyes; eyes small and slightly convex, a depressed groove continuous with groove at lateral edge of frons extended from eye dorsum to midpoint of eye hind margin; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles moderately elongate, length 2.0× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennal scape broadly fusiform, length 3× maximal breadth; gena glabrous. Pronotum convex dorsally, with broadly spatulate processes at front and hind angles, the front processes flatter and broader in longitudinal orientation, the posterior processes more hornlike; lateral marginal carina extended and diminished behind posterior process, pronotal median base depressed but not margined; median longitudinal impression finely incised with surface sloping to meet at deepest portion; anterior transverse impression represented by oblique depressions that define an anterior pronotal collar about as wide as neck of head; proepipleuron and proepisternum bulging outward, visible in dorsal view in basal half of pronotal length; proepisternum smooth; prosternal process deeply depressed anterad procoxae, broadly depressed medially on ventral face, and depressed in an inverted “Y” pattern on posterior face resulting in a dorsomedial bump. Elytra only moderately convex overall, scutellum and sutural stria slightly depressed relative to stria 3; at midlength, sutural and fifth interval distinctly elevated, third interval slightly less so but it is also more elevated than intervals 2, 4, and 6; humeri very narrow, the basal groove present only from base of greatly elevated fifth interval to subangulate lateral margin just outside anterior series of lateral elytral setae; parascutellar and dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged 6 + 3 + 3, their articulatory sockets papillate, upraised above elytral surface: subapical elytral seta present, apical seta absent; subapical sinuation distinctly concave, the median portion of concavity upraised thereby elevating elytral margin; elytral apices tightly rounded, protruded, a deep invagination between them adjacent to the fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length subequal to diagonal width. Abdomen with very shallow, broad concavity medially on both male and female apical ventrite. Legs moderate, tarsomeres relatively short, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.21; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.2× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture absent on vertex except in median dimple; surface of pronotal and elytral disc glossy, indistinct transverse lines over portions of elytral surface; pelage of club-shaped setae well developed; setae on head capsule and pronotal moderately expanded, twice as broad apically as basally; setae broad and paddle-like on prothoracic lateral carina and anterior and posterior pronotal processes; elytra with broad paddle-like setae on sutural, third, and fifth intervals, setae narrower apically on intervals 2, 4, and 6; elytral lateral margin with short paddle-like setae, their length about half that of longer setae on odd intervals; ventral body surface and legs covered with dense pelage of short microsetae, the setae on legs more robust than those on ventrites. Coloration of head capsule dark rufous; antennal segments 1–4 rufobrunneous, outer antennomeres flavous with rufous cast; pronotum, elytra, and thoracic sclerites and abdominal ventrites dark rufous with a piceous cast; femora rufobrunneous, tibiae darker, rufopiceous, tarsi brunneous.

Male genitalia. Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided in basal half, evenly tapered in distal half to subacuminate tip, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.22× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 29); lobe apex elongate, evenly tapered to subacuminate tip, dorsoventral breadth 0.2× distance from distal margin of ostial opening to tip.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 2× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 105); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumen without spicules but bursal surface wrinkled in distal two-thirds; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of six setae (Fig. 74); apical gonocoxite narrowly subtriangular with narrowly rounded apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA: 21°45’S, 166° 09’E, Ningua Reserve Camp, 1100 m, 12–13.xi.2001, C. Burwell & G. Monteith, pyrethrum, trees & logs, 8639 (not examined; identification based on female paratype (QMB) and non-type male (MNHW))

Known from across the southern third of New Caledonia, from Col d’Amieu on the north to Rivière des Pirogues on the south (Fig. 81, Suppl. material 3). All recorded microhabitats include tree trunks and downed logs, with beetles collected using pyrethrin fog. The elongate paddle-shaped setae distributed over the body surface are associated with a thick layer of environmental patina (Figs 100, 101).

This second of the species triplet with anterior and posterior pronotal processes is unique in the absence of a lateral carina joining the processes, the pronotum fused to proepipleuron without any evidence of the shared suture (Fig. 102). The pronotal processes are both columnar, the anterior process half the height of the posterior, and both topped with a tuft of approximately nine club-shaped setae. The elytral intervals are distorted in this species, with the second interval absent basally due to convergence of the sutural and third intervals. Conversely, the fourth interval appears split basally, resulting in the highly carinate fifth interval maintaining its fifth place position relative to the inner intervals throughout its length. The less convex sixth interval lies just laterad the carinate fifth interval, with the seventh interval very low and in part confused with the sequence of lateral elytral setae. The eyes of these beetles are very small in diameter, though slightly convex, with eight ommatidia horizontally across the diameter: the same ommatidial count as C. lescheni below. Standardized body length 4.8–5.2 mm.

(n = 2). Head capsule narrow elongate, genae parallel behind eyes, basally constricted to narrowly constricted neck (Fig. 102); frons depressed between the eyes relative to convex vertex; frontal grooves deep, broad, depressed mesad bases of antennae; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles moderately elongate, length 2.1× distance from antennal articulatory socket to lateroapical margin of labrum; antennae only moderately elongate, apical antennomeres filiform; scape greatly swollen, flattened dorsoventrally so that it assumes the profile of a cricket bat at midlength, scape length 2.3× maximal breadth; gena glabrous except for pelage, subgenal seta absent. Pronotum evenly ellipsoid in dorsal view, MPW/PL = 0.77; pronotal disc convex in both lateral and longitudinal dimensions, median base depressed relative to center of disc, with obsolete marginal bead defined by very shallow groove near margin; median longitudinal impression shallow, smooth, best defined by darker cuticle at deepest part; anterior transverse impression interpreted as deep transverse groove that defines upturned anterior collar; proepisternum bulging outward, visible in dorsal view, smooth; prosternal process broadly, medially depressed near front of procoxae, more narrowly depressed medially on ventral face, broadly medially depressed on posterior face. Elytra broad, moderately convex, little depressed laterally; scutellum depressed and basal margin medially inflexed at suture; humeri evenly sloped from scutellum to narrowly rounded margin just laterad front of anterior series of lateral elytral setae; parascutellar and dorsal elytral setae absent; fifth elytral interval subcarinate, more elevated than other moderately convex intervals; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 3 + 3, their articulatory sockets papillate, upraised above surrounding cuticle; subapical elytral seta present, apical seta absent; subapical sinuation distinctly concave, most concave portion of sinuation convexly upraised; elytral apices broadly rounded, separated by moderate invagination centered on fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; mesepisternum with dorsal length 1.1× diagonal width. Abdomen of female with broad, shallow concavity medially, two setae each side. Legs moderately long, mt1 length/tibial length = 0.21; metacoxa bisetose; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.2× median length, 4–5 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture of head absent, frons and vertex glossy; pronotal disc and lateral sclerites glossy; elytra without microsculpture on higher portions of intervals, fine transverse lines traceable in deeper portions of striae and punctures; head and pronotum with pilose pelage of elongate club-shaped setae; pronotal processes with tufts of paddle-like setae at apices; elytral intervals lined with series of paddle-like setae of length similar to tufts on pronotal processes; elytral margin lined with very short paddle-like setae; ventral surfaces of head, thorax, and abdomen covered with sparsely distributed pelage of short microsetae, with similar-lengthed setae covering anterior surfaces of femora, dorsal surfaces of tibiae; tarsomeres setose dorsally, the setae arranged in two dorsolateral longitudinal series. Coloration of head, prothorax, elytra, and thoracic and abdominal ventrites rufous; antennal scape dark, rufopiceous, outer antennomeres 2–11 brunneous; femora rufoflavous, tibiae and tarsomeres brunneous.

Male genitalia. Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided in basal half, ventral margin slightly convex near midlength, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.2× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Park and Will 2008; Fig. 3K); lobe apex tapered to subacuminate, slightly downturned tip, dorsoventral breadth 0.25× distance from distal margin of ostial opening to tip.

Female reproductive tract. Not examined (see Park and Will 2008).

Holotype male (MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA, 21°45’S, 166°09’E, Ningua Reserve Camp, 1100 m, 12–13.xi.2001, C. Burwell & G. Monteith, pyrethrum, trees & logs, 8639 (not examined; identification based on female paratype (QMB)).

Known from slightly north of the distribution of C. mirabilis along the SarraméaCanala Road near Table Unio, though with a broad sympatric overlap with that species ranging from Col d’Amieu to Ningua Reserve (Fig. 81, Suppl. material 3). Specimens have been found in leaf litter, and by pyrethrin fogging of trees and logs. The elongate club-shaped setae over the body surface are associated with a 0.2 mm thick environmental patina incorporating plant-based detritus (Fig. 102).

Among the triplet of species with setose pronotal processes, C. lescheni can be diagnosed by: 1, presence of a carinate ridge between the anterior and posterior pronotal processes; 2, small, flat eyes, eight ommatidia crossed on a horizontal diameter; 3, elytra with seventh interval the most carinate, its convexity marking the border between a moderately flat disc bearing six intervals, and a much more vertical elytral margin with a pelage-seta bearing eighth interval. Standardized body length 5.0–5.4 mm.

(n = 2). Head capsule elongate, genae parallel behind eyes, basally constricted to well-defined neck; frons convex between eyes, frontal grooves linear and moderately convergent anterad, widest at frontoclypeal suture; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles moderately elongate, length 1.9× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, apical antennomeres filiform; scape fusiform, broadened into a paddle-like shape, length 2.5× maximal breadth; gena glabrous except for pelage, subgenal seta absent. Pronotum orbicular; anterior pronotal process short, apically obtuse, the process flattened longitudinally; posterior pronotal process columnar, peg-like, slightly more than twice as long as broad; lateral ridge joining two process a low rounded carina; pronotal median base constricted, surface undulated with median and two lateral depressions separate by low rounded longitudinal ridges, lateral depressions bordering outside by similar low, rounded lateral longitudinal ridges; median longitudinal impression finely incised, moderately deep; anterior transverse impression interpreted as a punctulate transverse groove that defines a rounded anterior collar, the collar broadest medially, terminated laterally anterad pronotal processes; proepipleuron and proepisternum bulging outward, visible in dorsal view; proepisternum smooth; prosternal process medially concave anteriorly near front of procoxae, deeply medially depressed on ventral face, broadly depressed medially on posterior face. Elytra narrow, elongate, with scutellum and parascutellar interval depressed relative to very carinate seventh interval, the carination of that interval greatest at base; parascutellar and dorsal setae absent; humeri extended anterad at base of seventh interval, basal margins straight and narrowly diverging posterad humeral angle to position laterad anterior three lateral elytral setae where the margins become subparallel posteriorly; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 3 + 4, the setal articulatory sockets papillate, raised as mounds above the surrounding cuticle; subapical elytral seta present, apical seta absent; subapical sinuation distinctly concave, margin upraised at middle of concavity, the sinuation subangulately meeting lateral margin. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length 1.3× diagonal width. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite moderately concave medially in females, the middle pair of the four apical setae just laterad median concavity. Legs moderately elongate, gracile; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.21; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.2× median length, with 4–5 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture of head and pronotal disc glossy, without microsculpture; elytral disc with intervals glossy, indistinct isodiametric (?) sculpticells in deepest portions of striae; pelage well developed, comprising club-like to paddle-like setae; head capsule densely covered with club-like setae that are longest on posterior portion of head capsule, about half a long on frons, and very short, scale-like anterad and below eyes; pronotal disc pelage consisting of setae much like present on posterior portion of head, pronotal processes and lateral ridges with apically broader, more paddle-like setae; elytral intervals lined with longitudinal series of club-like setae, the setae broader apically on odd intervals (sutural, 3, 5, 7), and shorter and narrower apically on even intervals; elytral lateral margin densely lined with short, thick setae; ventral body surface, femora and tibiae covered with very fine, apically narrowed microsetae; tarsomeres with and additional paired dorsolateral setae, four on mt1 and two on mt2–4. Coloration of head and pronotal disc rufous, pronotal lateral ridge somewhat darker due to deeper cuticle; elytra and abdominal ventrites rufoflavous, elytral lateral margin dark rufous (as in pronotal lateral carina); legs flavous.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Basal portion of one right gonocoxa available for study; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five setae; apical gonocoxite apparently subtriangular based on basal fragment, with two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype female (EMEC deposited in MNHN) (body pointed, fused elytra mounted on platen): NEW CALEDONIA, Prov. / Nord L’Aoupinié 24-iii-2007 / R. Leschen rotten wood / berlesate NC076 800m el. / 21°11’S/165°17’E // UC Berkeley / EMEC / 1137861 (pixelated bar code) // Cyphocoleus revision / measure specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / lescheni / J. K. Liebherr 2016 (black-border red label).

Paratype female (EMEC): Aoupinié, 800 m el., 21°11’S, 165°17’E, Berlesate rotten wood, 24-iii-2007, Leschen.

We take great pleasure in naming this species for Dr. Richard A. B. Leschen, Curator, New Zealand Arthropod Collection and the collector of the two type specimens currently representing this species. Dr. Kipling W. Will is accorded author status based on his recognition of this species as undescribed from amongst the material collected during the 2007 New Zealand Arthropod Collection-University of California, Berkeley Essig Museum expedition.

Both types of this species were collected from leaf litter by Berlese extraction. The long club-shaped setae afford the means for a thick layer of environmental patina to adhere to the body surface.

This species (Fig. 104) comprises beetles of largest body size – standardized body length 8.1–8.9 mm – among those species characterized by orbicular pronota and broadly ovate, inflated elytra (Figs 121–125, 161–164). Indeed, C. fasciatus is the adelphotaxon to those taxa (Figs 44–46). Additionally, individuals of C. fasciatus exhibit legs with banded femora, their smoky piceous basal halves and subapical band contrasted to flavous bands in the apical half and at the apex (Fig. 104). The pronotal disc is distinctly transversely wrinkled, with longitudinal parasagittal impressions defining a central disc and lateral flanges extended to the lateral marginal bead. As in the three preceding species – C. mirabilis, C. moorei, and C. lescheni (e.g. Fig. 100) – individuals of this species are capable of developing a very thick environmental patina that obscures their dorsal body surface under deep, anastomosing layers of debris derived from leaf litter and humus. In keeping with those species, and indicative of a proximal phylogenetic relationship, the lateral marginal ridge of the pronotum terminates posteriorly in a projection: in this species a stout, obtuse tooth.

(n = 5). Head capsule broad, stout, genae parallel behind convex, pop-eyed compound eyes; neck constriction broad, moderately deep dorsally but not evidenced laterally; ocular ratio 1.39–1.45, eyes with 20 ommatidia across horizontal diameter; frons medially rugose between eyes, frontal grooves distinctly doubled, the deep canaliculi separated by a distinct rounded ridge, groove convergent to frontoclypeal suture; supraorbital setae absent; mandibles moderately elongate, length 2.1× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae elongate, scape length 2.9× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum orbicular, front angles briefly but acutely projected; lateral marginal bead subcarinate, elevated, terminated posteriorly in blunt, obtuse tooth that continues medially as a diminished basal marginal bead, though median base not margined; pronotal base constricted, set off from disc by median and two oblique lateral depressions; median longitudinal impression deep, moderately broad, undulated longitudinally with transverse wrinkles of disc not all aligned across impression; anterior transverse impression represented by an oblique series of longitudinal depressions that extend anterad at their ends as two to three longitudinal canaliculi crossing the anterior callosity; two linear parasagittal impressions present, these grooves extended from basal tooth ¾ pronotal length toward front angles; pronotal flanges laterad parasagittal impressions irregularly wrinkled, surface smoother than median pronotal disc; proepipleuron and proepisternum bulging outward, visible in dorsal view; proepisternum irregularly and obliquely wrinkled, the wrinkles oriented more or less longitudinally; prosternum rugose, the surface with deep, irregular wrinkles that are most distinct near anterior margin; prosternal process distinctly margined anteriorly by ridges surrounding procoxal cavities, broadly medially depressed on ventral face, narrowly carinate dorsally on posterior face. Elytra ovoid, disc elevated relative to depressed lateral margins, appearing somewhat cordate due to basal elevation of third to seventh intervals versus depressed scutellum and parascutellar interval; parascutellar seta present, situated at base of sutural interval, elevated on papillate articulatory socket; basal groove broadly rounded laterad depressed and inflexed scutellum; sutural, and elytral intervals 2, 4, and 6 moderately convex on disc, intervals 3, 5, and 7 elevated, subcarinate basally, the intervals broader where they are more convex; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7; subapical elytral seta present, apical seta absent; subapical sinuation well developed, concavity near lateral margin of sinuation extended ventrad to subangulately meet lateral margin, thus apical elytral margin not elevated inside sinuation; elytral apices broader rounded, separated by inflexed margin adjacent to fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate, metepisternal dorsal length 0.9× diagonal width; metasternum with deep, laterally ovoid median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with broad, shallow medial concavity at apex of apical ventrite in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical ventrite, females with two setae. Legs elongate, gracile; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.27; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 2.33× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture of head stretched isodiametric mesh, visible over portions of vertex, microsculpture obscured in rugose area of frons and in frontal grooves; pronotal disc glossy, indistinct sculpticells traceable only in deepest portions of wrinkles; elytral disc glossy, obsolete transverse lines visible over portions of apex; sparsely distributed pelage of short microsetae visible on head capsule, prothorax, meso- and metasternum, and coxae; elytra with pelage of microsetae arranged in mediolongitudinal series along elytral intervals; legs sparsely covered with very short, fine microsetae in addition to the larger fixed setae, these short setae also arranged in irregular longitudinal series on the dorsal surfaces of tibiae and tarsomeres. Coloration (specimen clear of environmental patina is teneral; Fig. 104) generally piceous on head capsule, prothorax, elytra, and meso- and metathorax; elytral epipleura narrowly dark rufous dorsally; abdominal ventrites rufopiceous, apical ventrite rufoflavous marginally; femora with distinct flavous bands in apical half and at apex that contrast greatly with the piceous coxae, dark rufous trochanters, and smoky brunneous tibiae and tarsi.

Male genitalia (n = 2). Male aedeagal median lobe robust basally, broadly parallel sided in basal half, evenly tapered in distal half to extremely elongate, curved, proboscis-like apex, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.16× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 90); lobe apex extended beyond ostial opening in a broad curve, tip tightly rounded, dorsoventral breadth at midlength of apical extension 0.13× distance from distal margin of ostial opening to tip; sac with microtrichia, but without any heavily sclerotized structures.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 1.5× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 106); bursal walls thick, wrinkled, heavily stained with Chlorazol Black, lumenal surface smooth; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five setae (Fig. 113), one very small on left gonocoxite; apical gonocoxite subtriangular with narrowly rounded apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA / 20°34’Sx164°46’E / Mt Panie refuge, 1300 m / 16–18Nov2000.Bouchard / Burwell&Monteith.9938 // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: Nov.2003 / No. LEN 1688 (green label) // male habitus photo 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / fasciatus / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (26 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Mt. Panié, 950–1300 m el., 20°34’S, 164°46’E, 14–16-v-1984, Monteith & Cook (QMB, 1), refuge, 1300 m el., 20°34’S, 164°46’E, 16–18-xi-2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 10; lot no. 9938), 08–09-xi-2001, Burwell (QMB, 2; lot no. 8764), below Maruia refuge, 1300–1350 m el., 25-xi-2010, Wanat & Ruta (MNHW, 1), 1300–1600 m el., 20°35’S, 164°46’E, 15-v-1984, Monteith & Cook (ANIC, 2; QMB, 4), E trail, 1350–1600 m el., rainforest, 24-xi-2010, Wanat & Ruta (MNHW, 1), summit, 1600 m el., 20°35’S, 164°46’E, 09-xi-2001, Burwell (QMB, 3; lot no. 8769), 18-xi-2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 9939).

The species epithet fasciatus is derived from the Latin to “envelop with bands (Brown 1956)”, referring to the banded pigmentation of the femora of beetles comprising this species (Fig. 104).

This species is known only from Mt. Panié at elevations ranging 950–1600 m (Fig. 80). Given the well-developed environmental patina borne by beetles of this species, they come in contact with ground litter during their activities. The well-developed pelage of microsetae on the dorsal body surface and prothoracic ventrites is associated with deep layers of environmental patina.

Among all the smaller-bodied species with orbicular pronotum and cordate elytra (Figs 121–125, 161–164), this species stands out due to the narrowly orbicular pronotum, MPW/PL = 0.88–0.94, and pronotal disc that is evenly traversed by wrinkles but without longitudinal parasagittal impressions. The pronotal lateral marginal beads arcuately extend to the narrow median base (Fig. 121). Some individuals of C. latipennis have the pronotum nearly as narrow, MPW/PL = 0.92–1.07, but beetles comprising C. cychroides differ by their lack of supraorbital setae, whereas C. latipennis is characterized by presence of the posterior seta, though it is located well behind the eye just anterad the constricted neck. The pronotal disc of C. latipennis also differs by the presence of parasagittal impressions, and median pronotal base not arcuately and continuously margined as in C. cychroides. Standardized body length 6.0–7.2 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule narrowly ovoid, genae gradually narrowed to moderately constricted neck; eyes only slightly convex, oriented toward upper surface of head, ocular ratio quite variable, 1.20–1.56, about 18 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with paired, longitudinal depressions that surround a low median ridge; frontal grooves broad, deep, parallel, extended from just anterad hind margin of eye onto clypeus; mandibles elongate, length 2.1× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, scape length 2.75× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles rounded, only slightly protruded; median base continuously margined, but bead straight along base; median longitudinal impression finely incised, slightly irregular as it traverses transverse wrinkles; anterior transverse impression a deep, oblique depression, defining a flat anterior callosity with indistinct longitudinal wrinkles; proepisternum slightly extended beyond marginal bead, narrowly visible in dorsal view; proepisternum mostly smooth, with indistinct vertical wrinkles; prosternal process broadly, medially depressed anteriorly, with paired, shallow longitudinal depressions ventrally, posterior face broadly convex. Elytra broadly cordate, basal groove sinuously incurved near depressed scutellum, continued in broad curve laterally around humerus, a slight hitch in the curve near base of third stria; discal intervals moderately convex, all intervals of subequal convexity; elytral striae deep, punctate, the punctures larger basally where they expand strial breadth; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket papillate; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7, the articulatory sockets papillate; both subapical and apical elytral setae present, the articulatory socket for apical seta smaller; subapical sinuation well developed, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in broad curve; elytral apices conjoined, no invagination of apical margin at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length 1.1× diagonal width; metasternum with broad, shallow median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.27; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.6× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture on vertex stretched isodiametric mesh, the head capsule glossy; pronotal disc with evident transverse mesh visible within transverse wrinkles, the surface matte; elytral intervals covered with transverse-line microsculpture resulting in silvery iridescence; pelage little developed, glossy head capsule glabrous, pronotum and elytra with sparse distribution of exceedingly short microsetae, visible only in lateral view; ventrites and legs glabrous except for macrosetae. Coloration of body dorsum piceous, mouthparts, scutellum, and apical elytral margin rufopiceous; body venter including elytral epipleura rufopiceous; femora dark rufous; tibiae piceous medially, rufoflavous at base and apex; tarsi rufoflavous.

Male genitalia (n = 10). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided over basal 2/3 of length, the lobe shaft angled ventrally ventral ostial opening, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.20–0.25× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 91–98); lobe apex sinuously curved, tip may be knob-like with a constriction distad ostial opening (Figs 91, 92) or abruptly narrowed distad ostial opening to a parallel-sided apex (Figs 93–98); internal sac membranous without melanized microtrichia, length slightly greater than breadth (Figs 91, 93, 94, 96). Although the male aedeagi of individuals assigned to C. globulicollis exhibit substantial variation in the configuration of the apex, all of this variation is exhibited among individuals from the same well-sampled site; Mandjélia. All individuals from this site share other external attributes, as well as the subangulate apex to the aedeagal median lobe, and so this variation is interpreted as infraspecific.

Female reproductive tract (n = 2). Bursa copulatrix vase-shaped, abruptly narrowed distally near spermatheca, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 3× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 107); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface smooth; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five to six setae (Fig. 114); apical gonocoxite broadly triangular with pointed apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (MNHN): Ex Musæo / Chaudoir (red-inked white label with red border) // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / cychroides / Chaudoir 1877 (black-bordered red label). Holotype status is based on Chaudoir’s (1877: 197) statement: “Il m’a été vendu par H.M. Deyrolle.” Mandjélia summit, 750 m el. hereby designated type locality.

Known from Province Nord. The recorded distribution is bounded by Canala on the south, and Col d’Amoss along the northeastern coast (Fig. 137, Suppl. material 3). Beetles have been collected from logs and trunks via the application of pyrethrin fog.

This species is characterized by presence of the posterior supraorbital seta, a configuration shared, among the nine Cyphocoleus species with orbicular pronotum and cordate elytra (Figs 121–125, 161–164), only with C. subulatus and C. iledespinsensis. This supraorbital seta is not close to the eye, but positioned far back on the head capsule close to the constricted neck. C. latipennis deviates from the other two species in exhibiting a very glossy vertex and glossy to transversely lined elytral intervals, versus a vertex covered with isodiametric sculpticells, and elytra with evident transverse-mesh microsculpture, best evidenced in the strial depressions. Standardized body length 5.1–7.5 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule narrowly ellipsoid, genae gradually narrowed to moderately constricted neck; eyes only slightly convex, ocular ratio 1.46–1.53, 13–18 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with paired, elongate-ellipsoid depressions that surround a narrow elevated median carina; frontal grooves deepest and broadest just mesad eyes, sinuously convergent toward clypeus; mandibles elongate, length 2.3× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, scape length 2.75× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles rounded, slightly protruded; median base depressed relative to disc, lateral margin sinuate anterad median basal margin that is straight across base; median longitudinal impression deep, broad, extended to anterior margin; anterior transverse impression defined by shallow groove where discal wrinkles terminate, anterior callosity crossed by numerous longitudinal wrinkles; proepisternum extended beyond marginal bead, visible in dorsal view, smooth; prosternal process broadly, medially depressed anteriorly and on ventral face, narrowly carinate posteriorly. Elytra broadly ovoid, depressed mediobasally between parascutellar setae; basal groove subangulate basad sutural stria, lateral margin broadly and evenly extended outside humeral angle; discal intervals moderately convex, all intervals of subequal convexity; elytral striae deep, punctate, the punctures limited at the deepest portion of strial depression (and so easy to miss in uncleaned specimens); parascutellar seta articulatory socket papillate; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7, the articulatory sockets papillate; both subapical and apical elytral setae present, the articulatory socket for apical seta smaller; subapical sinuation moderately developed, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in broad curve; elytral apices conjoined, no invagination of apical margin at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length 1.0× diagonal width; metasternum with broad, shallow median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.27; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.8× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Pelage little developed, glossy head capsule, pronotum, and elytra with only sparsely distributed, very short microsetae. visible only in lateral view; pro-, meso-, and metasternum with evident pelage of microsetae, the setae longer than on dorsal surface; second and third abdominal ventrites with short, sparse microsetae medially, other ventrites and legs glabrous except for macrosetae. Coloration of body dorsum piceous, mouthparts rufopiceous; ventral surfaces of head and prothorax and thoracic sternites piceous, elytral epipleuron and abdominal ventrites to rufopiceous to dark rufous; femora dark rufous except for paler, rufoflavous apex, tibiae and tarsi rufobrunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 14). Male aedeagal median lobe gracile, median lobe constricted near midlength, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.13–0.16× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 126–133); lobe apex variously tapered to parallel sided basad broadly (Figs 128, 129) to narrowly rounded (Figs 126, 127, 130–133) tip; internal sac membranous without melanized microtrichia, length 2× breadth (Fig. 129).

Female reproductive tract (n = 3). Bursa copulatrix narrowly elongate, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 7× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 108); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface smooth except for thin band of very fine setae at midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five to six setae (Fig. 115); apical gonocoxite subtriangular with pointed apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype female (IRSN): Nelle. Calédonie (white label glued to larger pink label) Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Nouvelle Calédonie / rec. / De- / planche / ex. coll. Fauvel // type (pink label with black border) // Coll. et det. A. Fauvel / Cyphocoleus / latipennis Fauv. // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / latipennis / Fauvel 1882 (black-bordered red label. Fauvel (1882: 250) wrote: “je presume qu’il a été pris au Mont Mou”, with this locality considered the type locality.

This is the most broadly distributed Cyphocoleus species, distributed along the length of Grande Terre (Fig. 138, Suppl. material 3). Specimens have been collected using pyrethrin fog applied to trunks and logs, from leaf litter, and also from flood debris.

This species and its adelphotaxon C. cardiopterus (Figs 123, 124) are characterized by an orbicular pronotum with lateral and basal marginal beads continuous arcuate around the pronotal base. The pronotal disc is at most shallowly wrinkled, and is covered with well-developed microsculpture, a transverse mesh on median disc, and isodiametric mesh laterad the shallow parasagittal impressions. Both species also differ from all other Cyphocoleus in the presence of a deep lateral fovea near the front of the mesepisternum, immediately posterad the hind margin of the proepimeron. The elytral striae of C. cordatus are punctate, the punctures limited to the depths of the very deep striae, whereas in C. cardiopterus the punctures are larger; expanding strial breadth to apex of elytra. The two species can also be diagnosed by elytral microsculpture; in C. cordatus the elytra bear transverse-line microsculpture, whereas in C. cardiopterus the beetles exhibit elytra covered with an isodiametric mesh. Standardized body length 6.1–7.2 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule relatively broad, little narrower than prothorax, genae slightly convex anterad distinct, moderately constricted neck; eyes distinctly convex, oriented toward upper surface of head, ocular ratio quite variable, 1.43–1.50, 16 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with paired, rugose depressions that bracket median ridge, the ridge narrowed apically due to anterior broadening of depressions; frontal grooves broad, deep, expanded anterad to surround median frontal tubercle, their surfaces arcuately wrinkled; mandibles very elongate, length 2.6× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderate, scape length 2.5× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles angulate, anterior pronotal margin broadly concave; median base continuously margined, bead elevated across base well above scutellum; median longitudinal impression deep, finely incised at depth, straight, extended basally to deep transverse groove just inside basal marginal bead, extended anteriorly nearly to well-defined anterior marginal collar that extends to front angles; anterior transverse impression by deep groove defining anterior limit of shallow transverse wrinkles, anterior callosity smooth, slightly convex behind anterior marginal collar; proepisternum extended beyond marginal bead, visible in dorsal view; proepisternum mostly smooth, with irregularities associated with shallow isodiametric microsculpture; prosternal process deeply, narrowly depressed medially before procoxae, narrowly medially depressed ventrally, posterior face with expanded triangular surface ventrally, median ridge invaginated dorsally. Elytra broadly cordate, basal margin sinuously recurved laterad depressed parascutellar striole, basal groove with deep pit at base of fourth stria; humerus broadly extended laterally at bases of striae 5–8, then evenly curved posterad outside anterior series of lateral elytral setae; discal intervals broadly convex, striae deep, all intervals of subequal convexity; parascutellar seta present, situated twice as far from basal margin than from suture, articulatory socket papillate; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as (5)6 + (1) + (7)8, the articulatory sockets papillate; both subapical and apical elytral setae present, their articulatory sockets subequal; subapical sinuation shallowly concave, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in broad curve, medial portion near suture nearly straight; elytral apices conjoined or nearly so, no or little invagination of apical margin at fused suture. Metepisternal dorsal length 0.9× diagonal width; metasternum with deep, circular median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.24; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.6× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture on vertex dense transverse mesh; pelage little developed, head capsule, pronotum, and elytra with sparse distribution of exceedingly short microsetae, visible only in lateral view; pro-, meso-, and metasternites, and mediobasal portions of visible abdominal ventrites 2 and 3 with exceedingly short setae, other ventrites and legs glabrous except for macrosetae. Coloration of head capsule and prothorax piceous; elytra dark rufous with silvery iridescent reflection due to microsculpture; pterothoracic ventrites and elytral epipleura rufopiceous, abdominal ventrites rufous; femora dark rufous with piceous cast; tibiae rufobrunneous; tarsi rufoflavous.

Male genitalia (n = 4). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided over basal 3/4 of length, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.33× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 134, 135); lobe apex only briefly extended beyond ostial opening, tip rounded (Fig. 134) to subacuminate (Fig. 135); internal sac with large, heavily sclerotized, obtuse ventral tooth, the tooth surrounded by short, heavily sclerotized microtrichia (Fig. 135); sac length 2× breadth.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-like, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 2.75 maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (as in Fig. 109); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface with thick band of long thick setae surrounding midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of four to five setae (Fig. 116); apical gonocoxite narrowly subtriangular with narrowly rounded apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (QMB deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA 11822 / 22°19’Sx166°55’E 480 m / Foret Nord site 1.rainfor. / 2–3 Dec 2004 pyrethrum / CJ Burwell& GB Monteith // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / Date: July 2005. No. LE 05.24 [green label // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / cordatus / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

Paratypes (18 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Rivière Bleue, Haute Pourina, 800 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 22°06’S, 166°38’E, 22-xi-2000, Monteith (QMB, 4; lot no. 11210), Pourina track, 900 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 18-xi-2001, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 8735), L’Houp Geant Trail, 330 m el., litter, rooting, 22°09.5’S, 166°30.8’E 13-iii-2007, Will (EMEC, 1), pyrethrum spray mossy log, 22°09’S, 166°41.2’E, 13-iii-2007, Will (EMEC, 2); Mt. Koghi, 600 m el., leaf litter, 22°10.7’S, 166°30.4’E, 12-iii-2007, Will (EMEC, 1), montane forest, 22°10’S, 166°31’E, 22–24-v-1987, Platnick & Raven (AMNH, 2), 500 m el., pyrethrum trunks & logs, 22°11’S, 166°31’E, 22-xi-2000, Monteith (QMB, 1: lot no. 9931); Forêt Nord, site 1, rainforest, 480 m el., pyrethrum, 22°19’S, 166°55’E, 02–03-xii-2004, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 5; lot no. 11822).

The species epithet cordatus – the Latin adjective heart-shaped (Brown 1956) – signifies the cordate elytral shape characterizing both this species and its adelphotaxon, C. cardiopterus (Figs 123, 124).

This species is restricted to the southern portion of Grande Terre, allopatrically south of the distribution of its adelphotaxon, C. cardiopterus (Fig. 137). Beetles have been collected via pyrethrin spray of mossy logs and tree trunks, as well as within leaf litter.

The diagnosis of C. cordatus should be consulted to determine the characters that uniquely circumscribe this species and its adelphotaxon (Fig. 46). C. cardiopterus (Fig. 124) can be diagnosed from its sister species (Fig. 123) by the presence of distinctly punctate elytral striae, the punctures expanding strial breadth to apex of elytra. The two species can also be diagnosed by elytral microsculpture; isodiametric in this species versus transverse-line microsculpture in C. cordatus. Standardized body length 6.5–7.2 mm.

(n = 5). (The description of C. cordatus can serve for this species, with the following exceptions to accompany the diagnostic characters presented above). Lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + (1) + 7(8), articulatory sockets slightly upraised above cuticular surface, not papillate; elytral disc rufopiceous, without iridescent reflection.

Male genitalia (n = 1). Male aedeagal median lobe robust, broadly parallel sided over basal 2/3 of length, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.3× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 136); lobe apex only briefly extended beyond ostial opening, tip rounded; internal sac with broadly angled though lightly sclerotized area on ventral surface, the remaining sac surface with lightly sclerotized, very short microtrichia; sac length 2× breadth. The broad, lightly sclerotized region on the ventral sac surface corresponds in position to the heavy sclerotized sac tooth observed in males of C. cordatus, supporting the homology of these structures. That the structures are not identical is supported by the similar sclerotization of the median lobe, and by the different eye configurations (Figs 123, 124) that also diagnose these species.

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix vase-like, basally stalked, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 2.75 maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 109); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface with thick band of long thick setae surrounding midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of four to five setae (as in Fig. 116); apical gonocoxite narrowly subtriangular with narrowly rounded apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype female (MNHN): Ex Musæo / Chaudoir (red-inked white label with red border) // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / cardiopterus / Chaudoir 1877 (black-bordered red label).Holotype status is based on Chaudoir’s (1877: 196) statement: “C’est également de M. Sallé que j’ai eu cet insecte.” Mt. Mou hereby designated type locality.

This species is known from Mt. Mou and near Mt. Dzumac, occupying a distribution allopatric and to the north of its adelphotaxon, C. cordatus (Fig. 137, Suppl. material 3).

(n = 5). Beetles comprising this species (Fig. 125) exhibit a pronotal disc with distinct transverse wrinkles bordered laterally by deep parasagittal impressions, and a body surface covered with a well-developed pelage of evident, elongate microsetae. These setae are especially visible on the vertex and frons, even occurring between the ommatidia on the surface of the slightly convex eyes: each eye with 12–13 ommatidia across the horizontal diameter. The elytra are broadly ovoid, with intervals 3–7 very convex, subcarinate basally. The elytral surface is glossy, with only very shallow transverse sculpticells visible over portions of the surface. Standardized body length 4.8–6.7 mm.

Head capsule parallel-sided, appearing “reduviidoid”, the small, little-convex eyes only slightly extended beyond the genal profile in dorsal view; neck only slightly depressed medially, genae only indistinctly narrowed laterally before pronotal front angles; frons with narrow median longitudinal crest surrounded by flattened, rugose, lateral areas that lie mesad the deep, sinuous frontal grooves; frontoclypeal suture reduced, difficult to trace, frontal grooves apparently extended onto clypeus; mandibles elongate, length 2.1× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, scape length 2.5× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles protruded, angulate, the angle right to slightly acute; lateral marginal carinae extended to base, slightly sinuate just before depressed median base, the marginal bead across base irregularly interrupted by convex basal wrinkles of disc; median longitudinal impression deep and broad, separating discal wrinkles, extended nearly to anterior margin but deepest at juncture with transverse anterior impression; anterior transverse impression a depressed oblique border defining an irregularly surfaced anterior callosity bearing distinct longitudinal wrinkles; proepisternum bulging, distinctly extended beyond marginal bead in dorsal view; proepisternal surface dimpled, the irregularities mostly short vertical wrinkles near dorsal margin with proepipleuron, short longitudinal wrinkles ventrally; prosternum deeply depressed medially from pronotal anterior marginal bead to prosternal process, process broadly, slightly depressed on ventral face, posterior face with depressed ventral triangle and rounded medial ridge above. Elytra broadly ovoid, parascutellar region depressed and inflexed, basal margin sinuously subangulate basad stria 4, then broadly extended and posteriorly curved; sutural intervals elevated and fused into median callosity on middle of disc, intervals 3, 5, and 7, and to a lesser degree intervals 4 and 6, subcarinate, very convex on elevated basal portion of disc immediately posterad apex of parascutellar striole; striae deep, not visibly punctate except in extremely clean specimens where very small elongate punctulae can be seen in the deepest portion of the striae, these elongate depressions separated from each other by twice their length or more; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket distinctly papillate, very upraised; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 6, the articulatory sockets distinctly papillate; both subapical and apical elytral seta present, the articulatory socket for apical seta much smaller, not papillate; subapical sinuation distinctly developed, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in tightly rounded curve; elytral apices rounded, slightly separated by shallow invagination at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length 1.1× diagonal width; metasternum with deep, circular median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.24; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 2.0× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture on vertex densely transverse, shallow, difficult to trace on the glossy surface; higher areas between pronotal transverse wrinkles glossy, depressions of wrinkles and lateral flanges outside parasagittal groove covered with granulate isodiametric sculpticells, the surface matte; pelage well developed, head capsule, pronotum and elytra with densely distributed, evident microsetae, the setae on each elytral interval arranged in two irregular, longitudinal rows; prosternum with elongate pelage setae, meso- and metasternum largely glabrous, and meso- and metacoxae, and abdominal ventrites 2–3 medially with very short microsetae. Coloration of body dorsum piceous; thoracic sternites and elytral epipleura piceous, abdominal ventrites dark rufous; femora and tibiae rufopiceous, their articulation rufoflavous, tarsi rufobrunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 21). Male aedeagal median lobe variably robust, from gracile (Figs 144, 136) to more robust (Figs 147, 151, 152), dorsoventral breadth at midlength ranging from 0.16–0.22× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 141–152); lobe apex little extended beyond ostial opening, rounded; internal sac membranous without melanized microtrichia, length 1.5× breadth (Fig. 147). The substantial variation in robustness of the aedeagi for males assigned to C. globulicollis is not associated with geography, as a male from Mt. Dzumac Rd. in the southern portion of the range (Fig. 150) varies little from the male from Aoupinié at the northern margin (Fig. 141). Also two males from Mt. Koghi vary substantially in robustness (Figs 151, 152). All of these specimens exhibit the glossy cuticle with well-developed pelage of microsetae characteristic of C. globulicollis.

Female reproductive tract (n = 3). Bursa copulatrix columnar, distance from base of r gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 3× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 110); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface smooth except for thin band of very fine setae over part of surface at midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five to six setae (Fig. 117); apical gonocoxite broadly triangular with pointed apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Lectotype female (IRSN) hereby designated: Ile des Pins [and] M^t. Mou (two separate white labels glued to larger pink label) Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Nouvelle Calédonie / ex. coll. Fauvel/ rec. Deplanche // type (pink label with black border) // Coll. et det. A. Fauvel / Cyphocoleus 1882 / globulicollis Fauv. // LECTOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / globulicollis / Fauvel 1882 (black-bordered red label.

Fauvel (1882: 250) described this species listing specimens from Mt. Mou and Île des Pins. The lectotype specimen has two labels glued to the pink IRSN museum card (above), one specifying “Île des Pins,” the second “Mt. Mou.” As these two localities are impossible to reconcile geographically on a single specimen, and as numerous other specimens of this species are recorded from Mt. Mou and vicinity, Mt. Mou is designated type locality, with Île des Pins considered to represent an unverified locality for this species.

This species is distributed in the southern two-thirds of Grande Terre, being known from Aoupinié on the north to Montagne des Sources on the south (Fig. 139, Suppl. material 3). Beetles have been found in leaf litter, and via the application of pyrethrin fog to trunks and logs. The well-developed pelage of microsetae is associated with a deep layer of environmental patina developing on these beetles.

Like C. globulicollis (Fig. 125) in the transversely wrinkled pronotal disc with deep parasagittal impressions and head without supraorbital setae, but differing through: 1, the much reduced dorsal pelage, the microsetae on head, pronotum, and elytra exceedingly short, visible only in lateral view; and 2, elytral striae distinctly punctate, the punctures broadening striae and separated from each other by about their own diameter (Fig. 161). Microsculpture is also better developed in this species, with the vertex of head and the pronotal disc, including elevated portions between transverse wrinkles, covered with an evident transverse mesh. The elytral intervals bear evident isodiametric and slightly transversely stretched sculpticells arranged in an irregular, transverse pattern. Standardized body length 6.4–7.0 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule broad, genae short, neck only slightly constricted; eyes moderately convex but profile not exceeding curvature of gena on posterior portion of eye, ocular ratio 1.47–1.56, 15–16 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with well-developed median carina that is surrounded by transversely wrinkled median spot; frontal grooves narrow between eyes, sinuously extended anterad to a deep, rounded depression just posterad frontoclypeal suture; mandibles elongate, length 2.2× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, scape length 2.75× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles rounded, only slightly protruded, very obtuse; lateral marginal bead distinctly sinuate before depressed median base that is margined medially by an irregularly depressed bead continuous with the base of the median longitudinal impression; median longitudinal impression deep, broad, extended nearly to anterior marginal bead, with pit-like depression near juncture with anterior transverse impression; anterior transverse impression a shallow, irregular border on the anterior margin of the discal transverse wrinkles, defining a rugose, longitudinally wrinkled anterior callosity; proepisternum bulging, extended beyond marginal bead, visible in dorsal view, smooth; prosternal process convex anterad procoxae, slightly depressed medially on ventral face, broadly convex posteriorly. Elytra broadly cordate, basal margin slightly concave to base of fourth stria, then posteriorly curved across broad humeri; discal intervals moderately convex, all intervals of subequal convexity; elytral striae broad, deep, punctate, the punctures expanding strial breadth to elytral apex; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket broadly papillate; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7, the articulatory sockets papillate; both subapical and apical elytral setae present, the articulatory socket for apical seta smaller, not papillate; subapical sinuation distinctly concave, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in tightly rounded curve; elytral apices conjoined, margin not invaginated at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length subequal to diagonal width; metasternum with broad, shallow median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two seta each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.23; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.9× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Pelage little developed, thoracic sternites with only a few very short microsetae, and abdominal ventrites and legs apparently glabrous except for macrosetae. Coloration of body dorsum piceous; prosternum piceous; meso- and metathoracic sternites and pleurites rufopiceous; abdominal ventrites rufous with piceous cast, apical margin of apical ventrite paler, brunneous to flavous; femora dark rufous basally and apically, but with flavous band just beyond midlength; tibiae rufous, matching femoral apex; tarsi brunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 3). Male aedeagal median lobe very short, broad, longer left paramere extended more than half distance from lobe tip to base of closed basal bulb (Fig. 153); lobe apex broadly extended beyond ostial opening, tip broadly rounded, breadth of apical extension 0.6× distance from tip to ostial opening; internal sac membranous without melanized microtrichia (uneverted view).

Female reproductive tract (n = 2). Bursa copulatrix columnar, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 3.5× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 111); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface smooth except for thin band of very fine setae at midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five to seven setae (Fig. 118); apical gonocoxite subtriangular with pointed apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Lectotype female (IRSN) hereby designated: Yahoué Août / feuille morts au pied / d’un arbre (white label glued to larger pink label) Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Nouvelle Calédonie / rec. / Savés / ex. coll. Fauvel // type (pink label with black border) // Coll. et det. A. Fauvel / Cyphocoleus / flavipes n. sp. / R. I. Sc. N. B. 17.479 // LECTOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / flavipes / Fauvel 1882 (black-bordered red label.

This species is known only from the disjunct localities of Fonwhary in the northern portion of Province Sud, and Yahoué and Nouméa in the south of New Caledonia (Fig. 140, Suppl. material 3). The lone historical collecting record with ecological information includes a beetle collected in dead leaves at the base of a tree.

This species shares the well-developed dorsal microsculpture, transversely wrinkled pronotum, and punctate elytral striae with C. flavipes (Fig. 161). But in beetles of this species, the pronotal transverse wrinkles are continuous across the pronotum, continued from the parasagittal impressions to the marginal bead, and the elytral strial punctures are larger and more circular causing greater lateral expansion of the striae (Fig. 162). The legs are also darker overall, without the pale median band on the femora as observed in C. flavipes. Standardized body length 6.0–7.0 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule broad, genae short, neck only slightly constricted; eyes moderately convex but profile not exceeding curvature of gena on posterior portion of eye, ocular ratio 1.44–1.61, 16 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with chevron-shaped median elevation surrounded by hemicircular depressions, the broad part of the chevron continued anteriorly as median flat area bordered by frontal grooves; frontal grooves narrow with lateral marginal carina to mesad eyes, sinuously extended anterad to a broad, rounded depression just posterad frontoclypeal suture; mandibles moderately elongate, length 1.9× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae of moderate proportions, scape length 2.4× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles rounded, only slightly protruded, very obtuse; lateral marginal bead slightly sinuate before depressed median base that is margined medially; median longitudinal impression finely incised, interrupted in part by transverse wrinkles, extended nearly to anterior marginal bead; anterior transverse impression a shallow, irregular border on the anterior margin of the discal transverse wrinkles, defining an irregularly, longitudinally wrinkled anterior callosity; proepisternum not extended beyond marginal bead in dorsal view, anteriorly with irregularly, arcuately wrinkled from front to dorsal margin; prosternal process slightly concave anterad procoxae, broadly and deeply depressed medially on ventral face, broadly convex posteriorly. Elytra broadly cordate, basal margin concave from scutellum to third stria, then extended anteriorly across broadly rounded humerus; small pits at the base of the parascutellar and third stria; discal intervals moderately convex, all intervals of subequal convexity; elytral striae finely incised at depth, deep, distinctly punctate, the punctures greatly expanding strial breadth throughout their length; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket papillate; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7, the articulatory sockets papillate; both subapical and apical elytral setae present, the articulatory socket for apical seta smaller, not papillate; subapical sinuation distinctly concave laterally, subangularly meeting lateral margin, margin slightly convex medially in dorsal view; elytral apices conjoined, margin not or minutely invaginated at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length subequal to diagonal width; metasternum with broad, shallow median depression at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two setae each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.25; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.8× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture well developed on head, isodiametric sculpticells on median elevation, vertex and neck with more transverse sculpticells defining a regular mesh; elevated portions of pronotal disc with shallow transverse-mesh microsculpture, wrinkled lined with granulate isodiametric sculpticells; elytral intervals with mix of transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 3× length, and transverse lines loosely joined into a mesh; pelage little developed, head apparently glabrous, prothoracic and elytral disc with extremely short microsetae visible only in lateral view. Coloration of body dorsum piceous; prosternum piceous; meso- and metathoracic sternites, and abdominal ventrites dark rufous, apical margin of apical ventrite paler, brunneous to flavous; femora and tibiae dark rufous to match abdomen, tarsi slightly paler, brunneous.

Male genitalia (n = 3). Male aedeagal median lobe gracile, parallel sided, dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.18× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 154); lobe apex extended little beyond distal margin of ostial opening, broadly rounded; internal sac membranous without melanized microtrichia (uneverted view).

Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite at least 2× maximum breadth (dissection broken); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface smooth in portion examined; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five setae (Fig. 119); apical gonocoxite broadly subtriangular with pointed apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype female (MNHN): (dissected female, pointed with abdominal ventrites glued onto second point below) Bourail // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // Cyphocoleus / n.sp. latipennis / female 1 Bourail / det. J.K. Liebherr 2015 // genitalia vial // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / bourailensis / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-margined red label).

Paratypes (7 specimens found in header-labeled series including holotype and labeled paratype; General Coleoptera Collection, MNHN): Bourail (dissected female remounted as holotype); 6 unlabeled (2 dissected males remounted on point and platen, 1 undissected male on original platen, 1 undissected male remounted on point (Fig. 162), 2 teneral specimens on original platens).

The species epithet is based on the type locality Bourail, with the -ensis suffix denoting this locality.

As this species is known only from a single series of specimens with the header specimens labeled Bourail, we know only the general collecting locality: Bourail (Fig. 140).

Among species with orbicular pronotum and broadly cordate elytra, this species (Fig. 163) shares the possession of the posterior supraorbital seta with only C. latipennis (Fig. 122) and C. iledespinsensis (Fig. 164). Beetles of C. subulatus can be diagnosed from the former by presence of evident, transversely stretched isodiametric microsculpture on the head, not the shallow, difficult to trace transverse-line microsculpture of C. latipennis. Conversely, this species can be diagnosed from the latter by the pale antennae, and femora with flavous ground color and dark basal and apical bands, versus the uniformly fuscous antennae and femora observed in C. iledespinsensis. The eyes of this species are more convex, ocular ratio 1.54–1.57 compared to those of C. iledespinsensis, where the broad, little convex eyes result in a ratio of 1.49. If a male can be dissected, the differences in the aedeagal median lobes are distinctive (see male genitalia sections for the two species descriptions). Standardized body length 6.0–7.2 mm.

(n = 5). Head capsule ovoid, neck moderately constricted with genae moderately convergent behind eyes in dorsal view; eyes moderately convex, outer profile extended beyond curvature of gena behind eye, 16–18 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with well-developed median carina that is surrounded by transversely wrinkled median flat spot; frontal grooves narrow, sinuous anteriorly from between eyes onto clypeus, frontoclypeal suture obsolete; mandibles moderately elongate, length 1.9× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum; antennae moderately elongate, scape length 2.5× maximal breadth; gena setose, subgenal seta present. Pronotum with front angles tightly rounded, slightly protruded, nearly right; lateral marginal bead distinctly sinuate before depressed median base that is margined medially by narrow bead; median longitudinal impression narrowly and finely incised, extended from just inside basal marginal bead nearly to anterior marginal bead, transverse wrinkles on either side of impression not aligned; anterior transverse impression very shallow, irregularly impressed in association with shallow longitudinal wrinkles on anterior callosity; proepisternum not visible in dorsal view, smooth ventrally, with fine vertical wrinkles along dorsal margin; prosternal process slightly convex medially anterad procoxae, with shallow medial depression ventrally, broadly convex posteriorly. Elytra broadly cordate, basal margin slightly concave to base of fourth stria, then posteriorly curved across broad humeri; discal intervals convex, intervals 3–5 slightly more convex, broader basally; elytral striae deep, narrow, impunctate; parascutellar seta present, articulatory socket papillate; dorsal elytral setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged as 6 + 7, the articulatory sockets papillate; both subapical and apical elytral setae present, the articulatory socket for apical seta smaller, not papillate; subapical sinuation distinctly concave, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in broad curve, medial margin convex to suture; elytral apices conjoined, margin not or only slightly invaginated at fused suture. Mesepisternum impunctate; metepisternal dorsal length subequal to diagonal width; metasternum with broad, shallow median fossa at base of metasternal process. Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in both males and females; males with one seta each side of apical margin of apical ventrite, females with two seta each side. Legs moderately elongate; metacoxae bisetose; mt1 length/tibial length = 0.25; mt4 length to apex of outer lobe 1.6× median tarsomere length, 3–4 ventrolateral setae each side. Microsculpture well developed on pronotal disc, a combination of upraised isodiametric and transverse sculpticells, the surface matte; elytral microsculpture an irregularly present transverse mesh, sculpticell borders shallow, difficult to trace in glossier portions of surface; pelage little developed, head apparently glabrous, pronotal and elytral disc with sparsely distributed, extremely short microsetae, visible only in lateral view; prosternum with only a few very short microsetae, pterothoracic and abdominal ventrites and legs apparently glabrous except for macrosetae. Coloration of body dorsum and venter, including elytral epipleuron, uniformly piceous; legs paler, rufobrunneous with piceous cast except for flavous median femoral band (a minority of specimens lack this pale band and so have concolorous, rufobrunneous leg segments).

Male genitalia (n = 7). Male aedeagal median lobe elongate, heavily sclerotized, parallel sided from base to ostial opening; dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.13× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 155–158); elongate lobe apex extended beyond ostial opening in a broad dorsally directed curve, tip tightly rounded, dorsoventral breadth at midlength of apical extension 0.18× distance from distal margin of ostial opening to tip; ostial opening on ventral surface of median lobe shaft (Fig. 157); sac covered with microtrichia, but without any heavily sclerotized structures, length at least 1.6× breadth.

Female reproductive tract (n = 3). Bursa copulatrix columnar, distance from base of gonocoxites to spermathecal basal sclerite 4× maximum breadth (dissection compressed under cover slip) (Fig. 112); bursal walls thin, translucent, lumenal surface smooth except for thin band of very fine setae at midlength; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of five to six setae (Fig. 120); apical gonocoxite broadly subtriangular with pointed apex and two lateral ensiform setae.

Holotype male (ANIC deposited in MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA / Col d’Amieu, 1800–2000 / 12–13 Dec., 1973 / G.B. &S. R. Monteith // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / subulatus / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-margined red label).

Paratypes (239 specimens). NEW CALEDONIA: Aoupinié, top camp, 850 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°11’S, 165°18’E, 02–03xi2001, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 8716); La Crouen, 21°33S´ 165°55’E, 16iii1961, Sedlacek (BPBM, 1); Col d’Amieu, 545–610 m el., 21°33’S, 165°48’E, 12–13xii1973, G. & S. Monteith (ANIC, 13), 18–19xii1973, G. & S. Monteith (ANIC, 2); Col d’Amieu, 6 km NNE, 300 m el., 21°33.5’S, 165°51’E, 13xi2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 3; lot no. 9924; QMB, 2; lot no. 9923), pyrethrum trees & logs, 11xi2001, Burwell (QMB, 2; lot no. 8678), 390 m el., ex nr. Mirasmius, 21°33.5’S, 165°45.6’E, 16iii2007, Leschen (EMEC, 1; NZAC, 1); 440 m el., fogging logs, 21°33.5’S, 165°45.3’E, 16iii2007, Leschen (NZAC, 1); Mt. Kanala, 21°34’S, 165°56’E, 03xi1911, Sarasin & Roux (SMTD, 1); Ciu nr. Mt. Canala, rainforest, 21°34’S, 165°57’E, 01–03i1955 Wilson (MCZ, 2); Table Unio road, 500 m el., 21°34’S, 165°46’E, 14xi2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 9946), 800 m el., 21°34’S, 165°46’E, 14xi2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 9934); Canala, 4 km S Mia, 380 m el., 21°34.7’S, 165°58.3’E, river valley, rainforest, Wanat & Ruta (MNHW, 1); Mt. Rembai 650 m el., 21°35’S, 165°51’E, 09v1984 Monteith & Cook (QMB, 3), 700–900 m el., rainforest litter, 21°35’S, 165°51’E, 09v1984, Monteith & Cook (QMB, 9); Col d’Amieu Forest Station, 400 m el., 21°35’S, 165°50’E, 08–09v1984, Monteith & Cook (QMB, 4); Mt. Rembai top junction, 780 m el., hand collecting, rainforest, 21°35’S, 165°51’E, 30xii2004, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 12007); Plateau de Dogny trail, 870 m el., litter, 21°37.2’S, 165°52.5’E, 15iii2007, Leschen & Will (EMEC, 1); Plateau de Dogny trail, 245 m el., flood debris, 21°37.8’S, 165°52’E, 15iii2007, Leschen (NZAC, 1), Will (EMEC, 12); Col d’Amieu litter, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 06ix1990, Raven (QMB, 1); Farino, 5 km N, 400 m el., night collecting, 21°37’S, 165°46’E, 14xi2002, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 11186); Col d’Amieu, west slope, 470 m el., pyrethrum logs, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 17xi2002, Monteith (QMB, 5; lot no. 11180), hand collecting, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 25xi2003, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11426), pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 25xi2003, Monteith (QMB, 8; lot no. 11427), pyrethrum log w/ epiphytes, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 27i2004, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11517), pyrethrum log w/o epiphytes, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 27xi2004, Monteith (QMB, 14; lot no. 11516), pyrethrum trees & logs, 21°37’S, 165°49’E, 29ix2004 Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 11667); Sarraméa, 2 km NE, 280 m el., 21°38’S, 165°52’E, 30xi2009, Schuh (NMHW, 2); Table Unio, 700–1000 m el., 21°43’S, 165°47’E, 10v1984, Monteith & Cook (QMB, 1); Sarraméa, Plateau de Dogny, Bois mort, 21°46’S, 165°55’E, 23vi1971 (MNHN, 5); Mt. Mou, 380 m el., small stream, 22°04’S, 166°20’E, 23xi2009, Jäch (NMHW, 1); Col de la Pirogue, 22°05’S, 166°19’E, 23i1962, Krauss (BPBM, 2); Rivière Bleue, Kaori Geant, 22°06’S, 166°39’E, 11xi2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 9; lot no. 9957), pyrethrum trunks & logs, 22°06’S, 166°39’E, 11xi2000, Monteith (QMB, 14; lot no. 9954), 160 m el., pyrethrum trees & logs, 22°06’S, 166°39’E, 19xi2002, Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 11202); 11–21xi2002, Monteith & Wright (QMB, 1; lot no. 11203), Pont Germain 160 m el., 22°06’S, 166°39’E, 11xi2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 9; lot no. 9950), L’houp Geant Trail, 350 m el., 22°09’S, 166°41.2’E, 26xi2009, Jäch (NMHW, 1); Mt. Koghi, 22°10’S, 166°31’E, 26–30i1963, Kuschel (BPBM, 1), 480 m el., 24-x-2008, fogged log, Wanat (MNHW, 4), 500–800 m el., 23–27x1967, J. & M. Sedlacek (BPBM, 3), 500–750 m el., m, 25–26x1967, J. & M. Sedlacek (BPBM, 2), 610–670 m el., 20–23xi1973, G. & S. Monteith (ANIC, 8), 12–13ii1977, J. Balogh (RScC, 2), 500 m el., 26viii1978, S. & J. Peck (CNC, 2), 400 m el., 26v1984, Monteith & Cook (ANIC, 3), 400 m el., 26v1984, Monteith & Cook (ANIC, 2), rainforest 500 m el., sifted litter, 23v1987, Raven (QMB, 2), pyrethrum trunks & logs, 27xi2000, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 9942), 750 m el., pyrethrum trunks & logs, 29xi2000, Monteith (QMB, 8; lot no. 9944); 500 m el., hand collecting, 27i2002, Monteith (QMB, 1; lot no. 8917), night collecting, 02–03xi2002, Burwell, Monteith & Wright (QMB, 2; lot no. 11088), 500 m el., 22xi2000, Bouchard, Burwell & Monteith (QMB, 2; lot no. 9932), dung pitfalls, 22xi2000, Monteith (QMB, 3; lot no. 9933), pyrethrum trunks & logs, 22xi2000, Monteith (QMB, 12; lot no. 9931), 700 m el., 22°10.5’S, 166°30.8’E, 12iii2007, Will (EMEC, 1), 550 m el., small streams, 22°10.5’S, 166°30.3’E, 25xi2009, Jäch (NMHW, 2), 485 m el., beating fungi & dead branches, 22°10.7’S, 166°30.4’E, 12iii2007, Leschen (EMEC, 2; NZAC, 1); Mt. Chapeau de Gendarme [= Mt. Malaoui], forest brook, under rocks, 22°11’S, 166°30’E, 22x1944, Herron (MSUC, 5), low pasture, 22x1944, Herron (MSUC, 1), under logs, 22x1944, Herron (MSUC, 1); Forêt de Thi to Hamma, 700–800 m el., 22°13’S, 166°32’E, 16vii1958, Malkin & Rageau (BPBM, 2); Forêt de Thi, 100–300 m el., 22°13’S, 166°32’E, 25iii1961, Sedlacek (BPBM, 2), 05viii1966, Oesterr. NC Exped. (RScC, 1), 30x1967, J. & M. Sedlacek (BPBM, 1), 100–300 m el., 07ix1979, Nishida (BPBM, 1), 150 m el., 21v1984, Monteith & Cook (ANIC, 2; QMB, 3); Pic du Grand Kaori, site 2, rainforest, 250 m el., hand collecting, 22°17’S, 166°53’E, 22–24xi2004, QMB Party (QMB, 2; lot no. 11772), pyrethrum, rainforest, 22–24xi2004, Monteith & Burwell (QMB, 1; lot no. 11773); Rivière des Pirogues Headwaters, 350–400 m el., 22°19’S, 166°44’E, 22v1984, Monteith & Cook (ANIC, 2; QMB, 4); Forêt Nord, site 2, rainforest, 200 m el., day hand collecting, 22°19’S, 166°55’E, 02–03xii2004, QMB Party (QMB, 3; lot no. 11829).

The Latin adjectival subulatus, awl-shaped or pointed (Brown 1956), forms the basis this species’ epithet based on the distinctively pointed male aedeagal median lobe (Figs 155–158).

This species is known from the southern half of Grande Terre, with a northerly outlying locality, based on current specimens, at Aoupinié (Fig. 165). Beetles have been abundantly collected along the SarraméaCanala Road, and also in the mountains outside Nouméa. Localities range in elevation from 100–900 m. Collecting situations are quite diverse, including dead branches with fungi, pyrethrin fogged logs with and without epiphytes, the margins of small streams, and within flood debris.

Figure 165. 

Distribution map of Cyphocoleus subulatus and C. iledespinsensis.

(n = 1). This species can be characterized as a dark, fuscous version of C. subulatus, its adelphotaxon (Fig. 46). Only the less convex eyes (Fig. 164) – ocular ratio1.49 – and the uniformly dark legs externally diagnose this species from its sister. The male genitalia can be referred to if a male is available for dissection. Standardized body length 7.1 mm. The two species are absolutely allopatric, with this species restricted to Île des Pins and C. subulatus distributed across the southern 2/3 of Grande Terre (Fig. 164).

(The description of C. subulatus can serve for this species, with the following exceptions to accompany the diagnostic characters presented above). Head capsule narrowly ovoid, neck distinctly constricted with genae moderately convergent behind eyes in dorsal view; 17 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; frons with narrow, elevated median carina that is surrounded by ovoid, transversely wrinkled median flat spot; frontal grooves narrow, sinuous anteriorly from between eyes onto clypeus, separated from supraocular groove by narrow ridge, frontoclypeal suture obsolete laterally, broadly and shallowly evident medially; mandibles moderately elongate, length 2.1× distance from antennal articulatory socket to anterolateral margin of labrum. Pronotum with front angles tightly rounded to angulate, slightly protruded, obtuse; median longitudinal impression narrowly and deeply incised; anterior transverse impression indicated laterally as oblique depressions extended toward front angles, absent medially where anterior wrinkle is extended anteriorly onto anterior callosity, very fine longitudinal irregularities traversing callosity. Elytral subapical sinuation distinctly concave, lateral portion of concavity joined to depressed lateral margin in tightly rounded curve; elytral apices rounded, narrowly separated by shallow invagination at fused suture, Abdomen with apical margin of apical ventrite shallowly concave medially in female, two setae each side of concavity. Microsculpture on elytral intervals much reduced, surface glossy, a transverse mesh or transverse lines present in depressed undulations of surface. Coloration of body dorsum and venter, including elytral epipleuron, uniformly piceous; legs rufopiceous.

Male genitalia (n = 1). Male aedeagal median lobe elongate, heavily sclerotized, parallel sided from base to ostial opening; dorsoventral breadth at midlength 0.13× distance from tip to base of closed basal bulb (Figs 159); elongate lobe apex porrect in dextral view (Fig. 159), curved to the right in ventral view (Fig. 160), dorsoventral breadth at midlength of apical extension 0.14× distance from distal margin of ostial opening to tip; ostial opening on left-ventral surface of median lobe shaft (Fig. 160).

Holotype male (MNHN): (dissected, remounted on platen) // I. / des / Pins // Cyphocoleus revision / measured specimen 1 / J.K. Liebherr 2015 // genitalia vial // HOLOTYPE / Cyphocoleus / iledespinsensis / J.K. Liebherr 2016 (black-bordered red label).

The species epithet is based on the type locality Île des Pins; the -ensis suffix denoting this locality.

The lone holotype is labeled only “I. des Pins” leaving the ecological situation and exact locality within which this species may occur a mystery. To extrapolate from the known habitat of its sister species, C. subulatus, we can predict that beetles of this species occupy dead branches with fungi, rotten logs with and without epiphytes, and the margins of small streams.