Lasiridia Draudt, 1950, Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft 40: 39, plate II., fig. 9. Type-species: Lasiridia iomelas Draudt, 1950, by monotypy.

The figure of the genital slide (Plate XIII, Fig. 13) was changed in the original publication (showing the genitalia of a Xestia sp.!). Boursin (1964b) dissected and figured the specimen labelled by Draudt as holotype (Plate XIII, Fig. 53) and stated correctly its generic placement in Haderonia.

Lectotype: male, [China] ”Prov. Nord-Yuennan, Li-kiang”. The lectotype specimen was dissected by Boursin (slide No. Hö 613); it is deposited in the ZFMK.

A specimen of this species from the same locality was labelled by Draudt as Lasionycta bombycioides. This taxon has never been published, however. The specimen was dissected by Boursin (Hö 612).

Lectotype: male, „Tien Chan, 13.VI.1879.”, „arschanica Alph. Original”, „Kol.[lekcija] vel.[ikogo] kn.[jaza] Nikolaya Michailovicha (in Cyrillic letters); coll. ZISP.

Lectotype: male, [China], ”Li-kiang, Batang, alpine Zone, 5000 m”. The lectotype specimen was dissected by Boursin (slide No. Hö 610), coll. ZFMK.

Hadena subarschanica Staudinger, 1895, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 8: 320, pl. 6, f. 12. Type-locality: [China] between Lob Noor and Kuku Noor. Holotype: male, in coll. MNB.

Haderonia subarschanica nepalensis Boursin, 1964, Veröffentlichungen der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München 8: 26, pl. 2, f. 41-42. Type-locality: Nepal, Mustangbhot, Gargompa. Holotype: male, in ZSM.

Chera Hübner, 1821, Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge: 211. Type-species: Polia serratilinea Ochsenheimer, 1816, by subsequent designation by Hampson, 1902;

Polia Boisduval, 1828, Europaeorum Lepidopterorum Index Methodicus: 73. Type-species: Phalaena nebulosa Hufnagel, 1766, by subsequent designation by Curtis, 1829;

Aplecta Guenée, 1838, Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 7: 217. Type-species: Phalaena nebulosa Hufnagel, 1766, by subsequent designation by Guenée, 1852;

Anartodes Culot, 1915, Noctuelles et Géometrés d’Europe. Premiére Partie Noctuelles 2: 125. Type-species: Mamestra rangnowi Püngeler, 1909, by monotypy;

Bompolia Beck, 1996, Neue entomologische Nachrichten 36: 73. Type-species: Phalaena bombycina Hufnagel, 1766, by original designation;

Ripolia Beck, 1996, Neue entomologische Nachrichten 36: 73. Type-species: Hadena richardsoni Curtis, 1834, by original designation;

Antipolia Beck, 1996, Neue entomologische Nachrichten 36: 73. Type-species: Mamestra conspicua Bang-Haas, 1912, by original designation.

Mamestra mortua Staudinger, 1888, here designated.

The two species of this subgenus are characterised by the most often unicolorous black or deep blackish-brown forewing ground colour and some unique structures of the male genitalia. The most conspicuous character of the male genitalia is the long, slightly falcate extension of the basal plate of the harpe-ampulla complex, superficially resembling the digitus of some not closely related groups. The saccular processes are relatively short and simple, slightly asymmetric with a brush of specialised setae on the right (on figures left) side. The vesica is helicoidal with a full coil; the distal section of the vesica is armed by a long stripe of fasciculate cornuti. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is strongly sclerotised and dorso-ventrally compressed, somewhat similar as in Ctenoceratoda species, however the appendix bursae is very different, relatively short, tubular.

The name is the amalgamation of the names Atropos and Polia.

Mamestra afra Graeser, 1889, Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 32 (2): 326. Type-locality: [Russia] Amur region, Vladivostok. Holotype: female, in coll. MNB;

Polia persicariae minorita Bryk, 1949, Arkiv för Zoologi 41A (1): 73. Type-locality: North Korea, near Kyeongseong, Hamgyeong bugdo (Shuotsu). Holotype: male, in coll. NRS.

Mamestra nigerrima Warren, 1888, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1888: 302. Type-locality: India, Himachal Pradesh, Thundiani. Syntypes: 2 males and 4 females. Preoccupied, a junior primary homonym of Mamestra nigerrima Guenée, 1852.

Lectotype: male, “Polia szetschwana” (sic!) “Szetschwan, Sunpanting” “Exp. Stötzner 1927 9” “Polia mortua Stgr. det. Boursin”. Two male and three female paralectotypes from the same locality (male gen. slide VZ Dresden 09).

Polia adustaeoides Draeseke, 1928,Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 42: 302. Type-locality: [China],”Setchwan, Ta-tsien-lou Exp. Stötzner“.“1927 9“, syn. n.

The revision of the type series confirms the recognition of the subspecific rank of this south-western population, as well as the taxonomic identity of szetschwana and adustaeoides. This taxon inhabits the high mountains on the SE edge of the Tibet (Xizang) plateau.

Male, China, “Ost-Tibet, Gyimda, 3700 m, „temp. Wald”, 2.VII.2004, leg. Bretschnieder; slide No. RL8670m (coll. A. Becher).

The new species is a sympatric sister taxon of the widespread and polytypical Polia (Atropolia) mortua, occurring together with the ssp. szetschwana at the SE frontier of the Tibetan plateau. The new species differs externally from all subspecies of P. (A.) mortua by its smaller size (wingspan 38 mm), intense pale ochreous-to ochreous-brownish suffusion in the inner parts of the forewing running from the basal area to the inner half of the marginal field (with some reddish hue only at the lower part of the basal area and along the subterminal line), the narrower reniform stigma with fine whitish line at middle (while the regular white line along the outer edge of the stigma and the characteristic two white dots at lower edge are missing), and the diluted (ochreous-whitish) inner area of the hindwing with well-developed discal spot on the underside. The marginal area of the hindwing has rather pale greyish-brown suffusion, with small darker grey patches at tornal area, covering also the fringes. The sympatrically occurring populations of P. (A.) mortua are usually dimorphic, having either dark brown to blackish-brown forewings with only weak reddish-brownish hue or with intensely red-brownish suffusion (the form described as adustaeoides), but this reddish suffusion is less extensive than in P. (A.) posterodiluta, the reniform stigma is larger, with the typical whitish markings at outer edge, and the male hindwing is more evenly greyish-brown suffused, with much smaller discal spot. Female unknown.

The male genitalia are essentially similar to those of P. (A.) mortua but the sclerotised medial extension of valvae is less falcate, evenly broad, except the finely tapering and terminally pointed distal quarter. This process is medially narrower and distally dilated, apically rounded in all four subspecies of P. (A.) mortua. In addition, the clavi are broader and more evenly rounded, and the juxta is smaller and thinner than in different subspecies of P. (A.) mortua.

SE Tibetan. The species is known from the type-locality only; the holotype specimen was collected in a high altitude forest region in the midsummer period.

The revision of the subgenus Metallopolia is published in a separate paper (Vargaet al. 2017b). It contains five easily distinguishable species representing three main lineages, the culta-, the subviolacea- and the kalikotei-lineages. The shortened diagnosis of the subgenus is presented below; the detailed analysis of the clade is given in the above-mentioned publication.

Metallopolia species are large, robust moths, resembling the larger south Siberian Polia species but have shorter abdomen bearing 3-4 prominent blackish tufts on the first abdominal segments dorsally. The most conspicuous external character of the members of this subgenus is the presence of optically structured “metallic” scales with „neon-greenish” colouration (see: Etymology) within or near to the maculation and the anal edge of the postmedial transversal line. The forewing ground colour is rather dark brown to blackish-brown with some purplish-violaceous hue and diffuse, smaller or larger reddish-brownish patches; the hindwings are also dark brown or grey-brown. The members of the subgenus are externally often confusingly similar, the proper identification often requires the study of genitalia.

In the male genitalia, the saccular processes are slightly asymmetrical, extended, acute or obtuse, with strong setae terminally, in most species with characteristic brush of specialised setae on the right (in figures left) side. Vesica long, tubular, partly or entirely coiling, medial and distal sections armed by numerous small, spiniform cornuti arranged into a long and variably dense stripe. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is sclerotised, compressed dorso-ventrally; the appendix bursae is tubular, sausage-shaped, slightly retroflexed, bursa globular with longitudinal, extremely faint signa.

The name refers to the scales with light greenish optical colouration and metallic shine on the fore wings as unique character within the genus Polia.

A Metallopolia specimen from China, North Yunnan, Likiang was selected by Draudt as a distinct taxon and labelled as Lasiadena purpureonitens. This taxon has never been published; the selected holotype specimen is conspecific with P. (M.) subviolacea.

Polia albirena Draudt, 1950, by monotypy.

This isolated species is strikingly different from all other Polia species by its slenderer body, more elongate triangular and somewhat acute forewings, longer pectinated and relatively long antennae of males, by dark greyish-brown colouration of thorax and fore wings with some violaceous shine.

The male genitalia also differ conspicuously from those of all other known Polia species, the diagnostic features are as follows: the saccular processes are symmetrical, relatively short and densely covered by a “bush” of strong setae terminally, and the vesica is completely helicoid and recurved, bearing a large number of thin, spiniform cornuti and a small terminal diverticulum.

The female genitalia are also very specific: the sclerotisation of the antrum is weak, connected to ductus bursae with a slightly constricted membranous section (“neck”), the ductus bursae is flattened and more sclerotised, the corpus bursae is saccate, lacking signa, while the appendix bursae is broad and retroflexed.

The name refers to the light reniform stigma of the type-species.

Lectotype: male, [China], “Shaanxi, Tapaishan in Tsinling Shan”, dissected by Z. Varga (Slide No. ZV 8946); coll. ZFMK.

Lectotype: male, [China],”Prov. Nord-Yuennan, A-tun-tse”, dissected by Varga (Slide ZV 8945); coll. ZFMK.

Noctua advena [Denis and Schiffermüller], 1775, Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wiener Gegend 1775: 77. Type-locality: [Austria]: Vienna region. Types destroyed;

Noctua nitens Haworth, 1809, Lepidoptera Britannica; sistens Digestionem novam Insectorum Lepidopterorum quae in Magna Britannia Reperiuntur, Larvarum Pabulo, Temporeque Pascendi; Expansione Alarum; Mensibusque Volandi; Synonymis atque Locis Observationibusque Variis 2: 267. Type-locality: [England] Norfolk.

Mamestra advena var. adjuncta Staudinger, 1888, Entomologische Zeitung, Entomologischen Vereine Stettin 49: 249. Type-locality: [Russia] Vladivostok; Sidemi (Bezverkhovo); Askold Island; Ussuri; Suifun (Razdolnaya river). Syntypes: in coll. MNB. Preoccupied, a junior primary homonym of Mamestra adjuncta Boisduval, 1852;

Mamestra tetrica Graeser, 1889, Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 32 (2): 325. Type-locality: [Russia] Amur region, Chabarofka (Khabarovsk). Holotype: female, in coll. MNB;

Mamestra advena var. mongolica Staudinger, 1896, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 9: 241. Type-locality: [Mongolia] Urga (Ulanbaatar). Syntypes: 3 specimens, in coll. MNB.

Parastichtis sordida var. sachalinensis Matsumura, 1931, 6000 Illustrated Insects of Japan-Empire. Sapporo 1931: 829. Type-locality: [Russia] Sakhalin. Type(s): in coll. EIHU;

Aplecta mongolica advenina Bryk, 1949, Arkiv för Zoologi 41A (1): 75. An unnecessary replacement name for Mamestra advena var. adjuncta Staudinger, 1888;

Aplecta mongolica chidisana Bryk, 1949, Arkiv för Zoologi 41(1): 829. Type-locality: North Korea, Chidisan. Holotype: female, in coll. NRS;

Aplecta mongolica koreagena Bryk, 1949, Arkiv för Zoologi 41A(1): 75. Type-locality: North Korea, Hamgyeongbugdo (Shuotsu). Holotype: female, in coll. NRS.

Lectotype: female, “Li-kiang China, Nord-Yuennan 4.9.1935 H. Höne” (printed label),“Holotype Polia griseifusa Drdt.” (handwritten label on pink paper). Slide No. HM8343. The specimen is figured by Hacker (1990:Plate D, fig. 9.); coll. ZFMK.

Phalaena trimaculosa Esper, 1788, Die Schmetterlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen 4: pl. 131, fig. 5. Type-locality: no locality given;

Phalaena tincta Brahm, 1791, Handbuch der ökonomischen Insektengeschichte in Form eines Kalenders bearbeitet2: 393. Type-locality: no locality given;

Noctua argentina Haworth, 1809, Lepidoptera Britannica; sistens Digestionem novam Insectorum Lepidopterorum quae in Magna Britannia Reperiuntur, Larvarum Pabulo, Temporeque Pascendi; Expansione Alarum; Mensibusque Volandi; Synonymis atque Locis Observationibusque Variis 2: 186. Type-locality: Great Britain;

Mamestra tincta var. obscurata Staudinger, 1897, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 10: 335. Type-locality: [Russia] Apfelgebirge (Yablonoviy range). Syntypes: 2 females, in coll. MNB.

Polia enodata expallidata Varga, 1974, Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 66: 306, fig. 10. Type-locality: Mongolia, Bayan Ölgiy aimak, Khovd river. Holotype: male, in coll. HNHM.

Lectotype: male, „Karagai-Tau”, „Original” (pink label); the specimen was dissected by Boursin (slide No. MB 356); coll. MNB.

Anarta richardsoni var. asiatica Staudinger, 1901, in Staudinger and Rebel, Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearctischen Faunengebietes 1901: 218. Type-locality: [Norway] Dovre. Syntypes: in coll. MNB. Preoccupied, a junior secondary homonym of Polia asiatica Alphéraky, 1887; syn. of Bryoxena centralasiae (Staudinger, 1882);

Mamestra rangnowi Püngeler, 1909, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 21(4): 288. Type-locality: [Sweden] Lulea Lappmark. Syntypes: in coll. MNB;

Anarta lamuta tunkinski O. Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidopterologiae regionis palaearcticae 1: 86, pl. 10, figs 27-28. Type-locality: [Russia] Irkutsk Pref., Tunkinskiy Mts, SW of Irkutsk, 2000 m. Holotype: male, in coll. MNB.

PhalaenaNoctua thapsi Brahm, 1791, Handbuch der ökonomischen Insektengeschichte in Form eines Kalenders bearbeitet 2: 135. Type-locality: no locality given;

Phalaena grandis Donovan, 1801, The Natural History of the British Insects 10: 51, pl. 345, fig. 1. Type-locality: England;

Noctua plebeja Hübner, 1803, Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge 4: pl. 16, fig. 78. Type-locality: Europe; nec Phalaena plebeja Linnaeus, 1761; Fauna Suecica 320; TL: Sweden, Uplandia

Anarta algida Lefebvre, 1836,Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5: 396, pl. 10 fig. 5. Type-locality: “Laponie”. Syntypes, in coll. MNHNP;

Anarta septentrionis Walker, 1857, List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 11: 700. Type-locality: [Canada] Repulse Bay. Holotype: in coll. BMNH;

Mamestra feildeni McLachlan, 1878, Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology) 14: 112. Type-locality: Canada Arctic Territories, Dobbin Bay. Holotype: female;

Anarta fumida Graeser, 1889, Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 32(2): 323. Type-locality: [Russia], Amur region, Amur region, Nicolajefsk (Nikolajevsk). Holotype: male, in coll. ZISP;

Anarta lanuginosa Smith, 1900, in: Dyar, Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 2: 493. Type-locality: USA, Alaska, Popof Island. Holotype: male, in coll. USNMW;

Anarta richardsoni var. dovrensis Staudinger, 1901, in Staudinger and Rebel, Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearctischen Faunengebietes 1901: 218. Type-locality: [Norway] Dovre. Syntypes: in coll. MNB;

Anarta squara Smith, 1908, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 18: 112. Type-locality: Greenland. Lectotype: male, in coll. AMNHN;

Anarta magna Barnes and Benjamin, 1924, Entomological News 35: 117. Type-locality: USA, Colorado, Hall valley, Bullion peak. Holotype, female, in coll. USNMW;

Anarta richardsoni tamsi Benjamin, 1933, Pan-Pacific Entomologist 9: 58. Type-locality: [Canada] Labrador, Hopedale. Holotype: male, in coll. USNMW;

Aplecta richardsoni groenlandica Heydemann, 1944, Entomologische Zeitung, Entomologischen Vereine zu Stettin 105: 22, pl. 7, figs 5-6. Type-locality: East Greenland. Syntypes: in coll. MNB.

This circumpolar Holarctic species shows intense subspeciation in both continents; the taxonomic stati of the described taxa are to be clarified.

Lectotype: male, with the following labels: “Ochs. 961” (printed label with black margin), “Hung. Nat. Hist. Mus. Coll. Lepidoptera, Collectio Ochsenheimer No. 975”; coll. HNHM.

Mamestra serratilinea Ochsenheimer, 1816, Die Schmetterlinge von Europe IV, p. 74. (nomen nudum);

Mamestra serratilinea var. helvetica Schawerda, 1925, Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft15: 70, fig. 2. Type-locality: Switzerland, Zermatt. Type(s): in coll. LSNK;

Mamestra serratilinea var. heinrichi Schawerda, 1925, Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft 15: 70, fig. 2. Type-locality: France, Digne. Holotype: male, in coll. LSNK.

Lectotype: male, “Aram-Kungaj” “Gr[oum].Gr[shimailo].” “Spalax Alph. Orig.” (Coll. ZISP).

Hadena altaica Lederer, 1853, Verhandlungen des Zoologisch-Botanischen Vereins in Wien 3: 370, pl. 2, fig. 6. Type-locality: [Russia or Kazakhstan] Altai Mts. Holotype: male, in coll. MNB; syn. n.

Mamestra monotona Bang-Haas, 1912, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 26: 145. Type-locality: [Russia] Sayan region. Syntypes: in coll. MNB.

Polia (Mamestra) praecontigua Turati, 1933, Bollettino della Societá Entomologica Italiana 65: 18. Type-locality: [India/Pakistan] Baltistan, Biaho valley near Baltoro. Syntypes, in coll. Turati (if exist).

Based on the type catalogue of the Lepidoptera collection of ZISP it became evident that Hadena subcontigua Eversmann represent the same species as Hadena altaica Lederer and at the same time also its westernmost occurrence. This species exist in most localities from the Tien-Shan Mts. to Central Mongolia and also Nepal in polymorphic, contrasting vs. concolorous forms. Therefore, Mamestra monotona Bang-Haas cannot be considered as own taxon. According to the description and photos, the taxon Polia (Mamestra) praecontigua Turati, 1933 also represents this species. The occurrence of P. subcontigua in the Karakoram and the Western Himalayan mountains was confirmed by the recent surveys, too.

Lectotype male, Sayan Mts, Munko Sardyk; slide No.MB 417, coll. MNB.

Aplecta schawerdae Sheljuzhko, 1933, Zeitschrift des österreichischen Entomologen Vereines 18: 70, pl. 13.Type-locality: Russia, Siberia, Yakutsk Province, Dzhugzhur Mts. Syntypes: in coll. ZIN.

Lectotype: male, Irkutsk, Tunkinski Mt., slide No. Varga MB 2-75V, coll. MNB.

Lectotype: female, “Irkutsk”, “vesperugo”, Gen. sl. 00908 Kuznetzov; coll. ZISP.

Mamestra conspicua Bang-Haas, 1912, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 26: 144, pl. 6, fig. 8. Type-locality: [Russia] Sayan region. Holotype: male, in coll. MNB; syn. n.

The lectotype female specimen is illustrated by A. Matov on the homepage of the ZISP.

Mamestra praecipua Staudinger, 1895, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden8: 316.

The three species belonging to this subgenus are large, robust moths with simple ochreous-brownish or purplish-blackish-brown (generally unicolorous but sometimes, individually, contrasting) colouration and regular pattern, somewhat resembling certain forms of Apamea monoglypha (Hufnagel, 1766).

In the male genitalia, the saccular processes are simple, short or acute, symmetrical, with prominent tuft of specialised setae on the right side. Vesica is tubular, relatively short and retroflexed, with only a short fascia of cornuti subterminally.

In the female genitalia, the appendix bursae is slightly prominent only, the corpus bursae has two short longitudinal signa.

The name refers to the relative simplicity of colouration and configuration of male genitalia as opposed to the huge majority of Polia and Poliina, respectively.

Lectotype: male, “Kuku-Noor 94 Rückb[ei]l.”, “Origin” (pink label), “Praecipua Stgr.” “Ex coll. 1/3 Staudinger”, slide No. GB 12024 (figured in Saldaitis et al. 2013), coll. MNB.

Noctua leucophaea [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775, Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wiener Gegend 1775: 82. Type-locality: [Austria] Vienna district. Types destroyed;

Bombyx fulminea Fabricius, 1781, Species Insectorum Exhibentes Eorum Differentias Specificas, Synonyma Auctorum, Loca Natalia, Metamorphosis in Adiectis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus 2: 205. Type-locality: [Germany] Hamburg;

Bombyx vestigialis Esper, 1785, Die Schmetterlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen 3: 270, pl. 53, fig. 5. Type-locality: [Germany] Leipzig;

Hadena bombycina Eversmann, 1847, Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 20(3): 78, pl. 6, figs 1-2. Type-locality: [Russia] Urals. Syntypes: in coll. ZIN;

Mamestra leucophaea var. incana Milliére, 1885, Il Naturalista Siciliano 4: 198. Type-locality: [Italy, Sicily] St. Martin, Berthemot;

Pachetra leucophaea brittanica Turner, 1933, Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation 45: 282. Type-locality: “British examples”. Syntypes: in coll. BMNH.

The small, short-winged and contrasting P. sagittigera specimens from Mongolia were considered as belonging to this subspecies until yet (Sheljuzhko 1967). The question needs further survey.

P. cherrug shows in the genitalia of both sexes a very close relationship with P. sagittigera. The shared characters are as follows: in male genitalia the similar and unusual shape of the cucullus, the very long tubular and completely helicoid vesica nearly completely covered by a long and broad stripe of dense spinulose structures; in female genitalia the long and broad, dorso-ventrally flattened ductus bursae, the similar shape of the appendix bursae and one long and one shorter stripe of sigma. Both species are also bionomically closely related, they have grass-feeding larvae in contrast to the dicot herbaceous and woody food plants of Polia spp. The distribution and certain taxonomic questions are discussed in detail by Dinca (2010).

Acanthopolia Boursin, 1943, Zeitschrift der Wiener Entomologischen Gesellschaft 50: 339. Type-species: Apamea cuprina Moore, 1881, by original designation.

Despite of the “Polia-like” habitus the genital structures of both sexes clearly show that Kollariana belong to the “Sideridis” line of the subtribe Mamestrina (See also: Introduction). In the male genitalia, the genital capsule is very similar to that of certain large Sideridis species as e.g. S. turbida (Esper, 1790) or S. egena (Lederer, 1853). The diagnostic features are as follows: valva without saccular process and ampulla, but with ear-shaped costal process near to cucullus; aedeagus with claw- or spine-shaped sclerotisation of carina; vesica T-shaped, with long subbasal diverticulum and acute cornutus. In the female genitalia there are two complete and one shorter row of small, elliptical stigmata on the corpus bursae; the ductus bursae is rather strongly sclerotised with lateral pouch corresponding to the sclerotised extension of carina.

Polia stevensii Guenée, 1852, in Boisduval and Guenée, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Species général de Lépidoptéres 6: 38. Type-locality: Central India. Holotype: male, in coll. BMNH.

Polia costirufa Draudt, 1950, Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft 40: 28, pl. 2, fig. 9, here designated.

The two species of this new genus show some external similarity with the larger Polia species (as e.g. P. vesperugo) but they also resemble the larger Sideridis species (as e.g. S. egena, S. turbida) but also Apamea species according the robust body, dark brownish-greyish colouration and pattern of fore wing with regular maculation and crenulate or zigzag-shaped crosslines. The most important differential characters are in the genitalia of both sexes. In male genitalia the saccular part of valvae is not extended, no any trend of asymmetrisation and/or presence of specialised saccular brushes can be observed. Free „clasper” of the harpe-ampulla complex – which is usually present in Polia – is reduced. Vesica is not elongate-tubular as in Polia, but it shows the modified form of the T-shaped vesica of the Sideridis-clade of the Mamestrina while it is more saccate with subbasal diverticulum and the subterminal field of cornuti is transformed to a single huge cornutus, unusual for other related genera. The female genitalia are also strikingly different from Polia but also from the genera of the subtribe Mamestrina (e.g. Sideridis, Conisania which seem to be most closely related) by the presence of very numerous pearl-shaped signa and by the conical appendages of ductus bursae. Based on these characters we place this genus near to the also habitually similar genera Kollariana and Irene.

The generic name refers to the most peculiar character of the female genitalia.

Lectotype: female, “Batang (Tibet), im Tal des Yangtze (ca 2800 m), 10.5.1936, H. Höne”, “Holotype Polia costirufa ♀ Draudt” (pinkish label), “Polia costirufa ♀ Draudt”, “Polia costirufa 4497”, “Gen. Prp. 4497 ♀ Holotypus, Polia costirufa (Drdt.), CHINA/Tibet, Behounek det. 1990” (red bordered label); in coll. ZFMK.

As it was stated correctly in the original description, this genus shows close relationship with Hada Billberg, 1820, especially to Hada tenebra, etc. The lateral “pouches” of ductus also show some similarity to Kollariana but the short, globular corpus bursae without signa clearly shows that this genus is differentiated from the former genus.

This genus is not closely related with Polia. Recently (Lafontaine and Schmidt 2010, Zookeys 40: 90) S. lutra (Guenée, 1852) was associated with Lacanobia and S. grandis (Guenée, 1852) was introduced to this genus (Lacanobia grandis).

This curiously looking Arabian species was illustrated by Hacker (2006; Esperiana12: 352; Pl. 9, fig. 8) as belonging to the genus Tycomarptes Fletcher, 1961, however, without argumentation.

The species was first proposed to transfer from Polia to the Sideridis-Conisania generic complex by Boursin (1966). Subsequently, Varga and Ronkay (1991) listedthe species in the genus Conisania Hampson, 1905 in the general survey of the genus-group (p. 152; figs 98-99). The vesica of the holotype specimen has not been everted by Boursin; the recent investigations indicated the T-shaped vesica structure which is typical of certain species-groups of Conisania.

The species has long been misplaced although the male genitalia illustrated already by Draudt in the original description (Draudt 1950: Plate 13, fig. 15), versus its closest relative, M. (M.) consanguis (Guenée, 1852) (Plate 13, fig. 16). The subgenus Morphopoliana was erected by Hreblay and Legrain in 1996; Polia yuennana was transferred to Mythimna (Morphopoliana) in the 4^th volume of the Noctuidae Europaeae series (Hacker et al. 2002), using the World Checklist of M. Hreblay and A. Legrain.

Figure 1–8. 

1. Ctenoceratoda brassicina (Draudt, 1934) Holotype male. 2. Ctenoceratoda brassicina (Draudt, 1934) Holotype male, labels. 3. Ctenoceratoda contempta (Püngeler, 1914) Lectotype male. 4. Ctenoceratoda contempta (Püngeler, 1914) Lectotype male, labels. 5. Ctenoceratoda graeseri (Püngeler, 1898) Lectotype male. 6. Ctenoceratoda graeseri (Püngeler, 1898) Lectotype male, labels. 7. Ctenoceratoda longicornis (Graeser, 1892) Lectotype, male. 8. Ctenoceratoda longicornis (Graeser, 1892) Lectotype male, labels.

Figure 9–16. 

9. Ctenoceratoda longicornis (Graeser, 1892) Paralectotype male. 10. Ctenoceratoda longicornis (Graeser, 1892) Paralectotype male, labels. 11. Ctenoceratoda lupa (Christoph, 1893) Lectotype male. 12. Ctenoceratoda lupa (Christoph, 1893) Lectotype male, labels. 13. Ctenoceratoda nefasta (Püngeler, 1907) Lectotype male. 14. Ctenoceratoda nefasta (Püngeler, 1907) Lectotype male, labels. 15. Ctenoceratoda optima (Alphéraky, 1897) Lectotype male. 16. Ctenoceratoda optima (Alphéraky, 1897) Lectotype male, labels.

Figure 17–24. 

17. Ctenoceratoda leucostigma Gyulai & Varga, 2010 Holotype male. 18. Ctenoceratoda leucostigma Gyulai and Varga, 2010 Holotype male, labels. 19. Ctenoceratoda tancrei (Graeser, 1892) Lectotype male. 20. Ctenoceratoda tancrei (Graeser, 1892) Lectotype male, labels. 21. Ctenoceratoda turpis (Staudinger, 1900) Paralectotype female. 22. Ctenoceratoda turpis (Staudinger, 1900) Paralectotype female, labels. 23. Haderonia aplectoides (Draudt, 1950) Lectotype male. 24. Haderonia aplectoides (Draudt, 1950) Lectotype male, labels.

Figure 25–32. 

25. Haderonia lasiestrina (Draudt, 1950) Lectotype male. 26. Haderonia lasiestrina (Draudt, 1950) Lectotype male, labels. 27.Polia (Atropolia) mortua szetschwana Draeseke, 1928 Lectotype male. 28.Polia (Atropolia) mortua szetschwana Draeseke, 1928 Lectotype male, labels. 29.Polia (Atropolia) posterodiluta sp. n. Holotype male. 30.Polia (Atropolia) posterodiluta sp. n. Holotype male, labels. 31.Polia (Leuconephropolia) albirena Draudt, 1950 Lectotype male. 32.Polia (Leuconephropolia) albirena Draudt, 1950 Lectotype male, labels.

Figure 33–40. 

33.Polia (Polia) atrax Draudt, 1950 Lectotype male. 34.Polia (Polia) atrax Draudt, 1950 Lectotype male, labels. 35.Polia (Polia) griseifusa Draudt, 1950 Lectotype female. 36.Polia (Polia) griseifusa Draudt, 1950 Lectotype female, labels. 37.Polia (Polia) lama lama (Staudinger, 1896) Holotype male. 38.Polia (Polia) lama lama (Staudinger, 1896) Holotype male, labels. 39.Polia (Polia) lama enodata (Bang-Haas, 1912) Lectotype male. 40.Polia (Polia) lama enodata (Bang-Haas, 1912) Lectotype male, labels.

Figure 41–48. 

41. Polia (Polia) serratilinea serratilinea (Treitschke, 1825) Lectotype male. 42.Polia (Polia) serratilinea serratilinea (Treitschke, 1825) Lectotype male, labels. 43.Polia (Polia) tiefi Püngeler, 1914 Lectotype male. 44.Polia (Polia) tiefi Püngeler, 1914 Lectotype male, labels. 45. Pachetra cherrug (Rákosy & Wieser, 1997) Paratype male. 46. Pachetra cherrug (Rákosy & Wieser, 1997) Paratype male, labels. 47. Multisigna costirufa (Draudt, 1950) Holotype female. 48. Multisigna costirufa (Draudt, 1950) Holotype female, labels.

Figure 49–51. 

49. Ctenoceratoda brassicina (Draudt, 1934) Holotype female. 50. Ctenoceratoda contempta (Püngeler, 1914) Lectotype male. 51. Ctenoceratoda graeseri (Püngeler, 1898) Lectotype male.

Figure 52–54. 

52. Ctenoceratoda longicornis (Graeser, 1892) Lectotype male. 53. Ctenoceratoda longicornis (Graeser, 1892) Paralectotype male. 54. Ctenoceratoda lupa (Christoph, 1893) Lectotype male.

Figure 58–60. 

58.Ctenoceratoda turpis (Staudinger, 1900) Lectotype male. 59.Haderonia aplectoides (Draudt, 1950) Paralectotype male. 60. Haderonia lasiestrina (Draudt, 1950) Lectotype male.

Figure 55–57. 

55.Ctenoceratoda nefasta (Püngeler, 1907) Lectotype male. 56.Ctenoceratoda optima (Alphéraky, 1897) Lectotype male. 57.Ctenoceratoda tancrei (Graeser, 1892) Paralectotype male.

Figure 61–63. 

61.Polia (Atropolia) mortua szetschwana Draeseke, 1928 Lectotype male. 62.Polia (Atropolia) posterodiluta sp. n. Holotype male. 63.Polia (Leuconephropolia) albirena Draudt, 1950 Lectotype male.

Figure 64–66. 

64.Polia (Polia) atrax Draudt, 1950 Lectotype male. 65.Polia (Polia) griseifusa Draudt, 1950. 66.Polia (Polia) lama lama (Staudinger, 1896) Holotype male.

Figure 67–71. 

67.Polia (Polia) lama enodata (Bang-Haas, 1912) Lectotype male. 68.Polia (Polia) tiefi Püngeler, 1914 Lectotype male. 69.Polia (Polia) tiefi Püngeler, 1914 Paralectotype male.

Figure 70–72. 

70.Pachetra cherrug (Rákosy & Wieser, 1997) Paratype male. 71.Pachetra cherrug (Rákosy & Wieser, 1997) Paratype female. 72.Multisigna costirufa (Draudt, 1950).